On the degenerate Whittaker space for GL₄ (o₂)

Ordinary representations and characters (20C15) Representation theory for linear algebraic groups (20G05) Linear algebraic groups over local fields and their integers (20G25) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over local fields (22E50)

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Let \(F\) be a finite unramified extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_{p}\) or \(\mathbb{F}_{p}((t))\), let \(\mathfrak{o}\) be the ring of integers of \(F\) and let \(\varpi\) be a generator of the maximal ideal of \(\mathfrak{o}\). For any positive integer \(l\), let \(\mathfrak{o}_{l}=\mathfrak{o}/(\varpi^{l})\). In the paper under review, it is assumed that \(p\neq2\). Consider the subgroup\N\[\NN=\left\{ \begin{pmatrix}I & X\\\N0 & I \end{pmatrix}\mid X\in\mathrm{M}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\right\}\N\]\Nof \(\mathrm{GL}_{2n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\), where \(I\) is the \(n\times n\) identity matrix. Fix an additive character \(\psi_{0}:\mathfrak{o}_{l}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}^{\times}\) that is non-trivial on the subgroup \(\varpi^{l-1}\mathfrak{o}_{l}\) and let \(\psi:\mathrm{M}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\rightarrow\mathbb{C}^{\times}\) be the additive character defined by \(\psi(X)=\psi_{0}(\mathrm{tr}(X))\). Since \(\mathrm{M}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\cong N\), \(\psi\) also defines a character of \(N\).\N\NLet \((\pi,V)\) be an irreducible representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_{2n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\) and define\N\[\NV_{N,\psi}=\{v\in V\mid\pi(X)v=\psi(X)v,\ \forall X\in N\}.\N\]\NIn the paper under review, \(V_{N,\psi}\) is called the degenerate Whittaker space of \(\pi\). The group \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\) embedded diagonally in \(\mathrm{GL}_{2n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\), acts on \(N\) by conjugation and fixes \(\psi\). Thus \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\), acts on \(V_{N,\psi}\) (via \(\pi\)) inducing a \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\)-representation denoted by \(\pi_{N,\psi}\). The general problem to which the paper contributes is how to identify or characterize \(\pi_{N,\psi}\) as a representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\). This question was considered by \textit{D. Prasad} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2000, No. 11, 579--595 (2000; Zbl 0983.22014)] for \(l=1\), that is, when \(\mathfrak{o}_{l}\) is a finite field \(\mathbb{F}_{q}\) with \(q\) elements, where \(q\) is a power of \(p\). One embeds \(\mathbb{F}_{q^{n}}^{\times}\) as a subgroup of \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathbb{F}_{q})\). It is known by \textit{J. A. Green} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 80, 402--447 (1955; Zbl 0068.25605)] that every irreducible cuspidal character (and hence its corresponding cuspidal representation) is associated with a primitive character of \(\mathbb{F}_{q^{n}}^{\times}\). The following result was proved by Prasad [loc. cit.]. \N\NTheorem. Let \(\pi\) be an irreducible cuspidal representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_{2n}(\mathbb{F}_{q})\) obtained from a primitive character \(\theta:\mathbb{F}_{q^{2n}}^{\times}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}^{\times}\). Then\N\[\N\pi_{N,\psi}\cong\mathrm{Ind}_{\mathbb{F}_{q^{n}}^{\times}}^{\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathbb{F}_{q})}(\theta|_{\mathbb{F}_{q^{n}}^{\times}}).\N\]\NThe authors state a generalisation of this, conjectured by Prasad [loc. cit.]. To this end, let \(L\) be an unramified extension of \(F\) of degree \(n\) with ring of integers \(\mathfrak{O}\) and let \(E\) be an unramified extension of \(F\) of degree \(2n\) with ring of integers \(\mathcal{O}\). Then \(\mathfrak{O}_{l}^{\times}\) embeds in \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\) and \(\mathfrak{\mathcal{O}}_{l}^{\times}\) embeds in \(\mathrm{GL}_{2n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\), where \(\mathfrak{O}_{l}:=\mathfrak{O}/(\varpi^{l})\subset\mathcal{O}_{l}:=\mathcal{O}/(\varpi^{l})\). In analogy with the case \(l=1\), it is known by work of \textit{P. Gerardin} [Construction de séries discretes p-adiques. Sur les séries discretes non ramifiees des groupes reductifs deployes p-adiques. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag (1975; Zbl 0302.22002)] that for \(l>1\), every strongly cuspidal representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_{2n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\) is obtained from a strongly primitive character of \(\mathcal{O}_{l}^{\times}\). We note that a strongly cuspidal representation whose associated orbit has characteristic polynomial that is irreducible mod \((\varpi)\). \N\NConjecture. [Prasad, loc. cit.] Let \(\pi\) be an irreducible strongly cuspidal representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_{2n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})\) associated with a strongly primitive character \(\theta:\mathcal{O}_{l}^{\times}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}^{\times}\). Then\N\[\N\pi_{N,\psi}\cong\mathrm{Ind}_{\mathfrak{O}_{l}^{\times}}^{\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathfrak{o}_{l})}(\theta|_{\mathfrak{O}_{l}^{\times}}).\N\]\NThe main result of the paper is a proof of this conjecture for \(n=2\) and \(l=2\), together with the following. \N\NTheorem. Let \(\pi\) be an irreducible strongly cuspidal representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_{4}(\mathfrak{o}_{2})\). Then \(\pi_{N,\psi}\) is a multiplicity free representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_{2}(\mathfrak{o}_{2})\).

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On the degenerate Whittaker space for some induced representations of \(\mathrm{GL}_4(\mathfrak{o}_2)\)

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