J -symmetric solutions of AX = B over Bézout domains: a simultaneous basis approach

Assume that \(R\) is a commutative ring. The basic linear matrix equation \N\[\NAX=B,\qquad A\in R^{m\times n},\qquad B\in R^{m\times k},\tag{1}\N\]\Nexistence and structure of solutions can be subtle outside a field.\N\NA Bézout domains is an integral domains in which every finitely generated ideal is principle. Many mathematicians generalized principle ideal domains (PIDs) while retaining enough gcd structure to support constructive row/column reductions. If \(R\) is an elementary divisor domain (EDO), Smith normal forms exist and solvability of (1) can be characterized by a comparison of Smith forms of certain extended matrices.\N\NIn this paper under review, the author adopts an algebraic formulation over commutative domains, focusing on the constraint \N\[ \NX^TJ=\varepsilon JX,\qquad \varepsilon\in\{-1, 1\}\,, \N\]\Nwhich simultaneously generalizes symmetric \((J=I, \varepsilon=+1)\) and skew-symmetric \((J=I, \varepsilon=-1)\) matrices. Also, the author study constrained solvability of \(AX=B\) in a form that is simultaneously natural from the bilinear-form viewpoint and still constructive over a general Bézout domain.

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