A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of positive solutions of singular boundary value problems
Theoretical approximation of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34A45) Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Singular nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B16) Positive solutions to nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B18)
The authors study the following fourth-order singular boundary problem \[ u^{(4)}(t)=f(t,u(t)),\quad t\in (0,1),\quad u(0)=u(1)=0,\quad u(0)=u(1)=0.\tag{1} \] Using the monotone-iterative technique, they establish a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of positive solutions to the singular BVP (1). Namely, they prove that if \[ f\in C((0,1)\times[0,\infty),[0,\infty)) \] is increasing in \(u\) and \[ f(t,ru)\leq r(1+m(r^{-\alpha}-1))f(t,u) \] for all \((t,u)\in (0,1)\times [0,\infty)\) and \(r\in (0,1)\), \(m\in (0,1]\) and \(\alpha \in (0,1)\), then the BVP (1) has a positive solution in \(C^3[0,1]\) if and only if \[ 0<\int_0^1 f(s,s(1-s))ds < \infty. \]
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