On the minimal number of matrices which form a locally hypercyclic, non-hypercyclic tuple

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Abstract: In this paper we extend the notion of a locally hypercyclic operator to that of a locally hypercyclic tuple of operators. We then show that the class of hypercyclic tuples of operators forms a proper subclass to that of locally hypercyclic tuples of operators. What is rather remarkable is that in every finite dimensional vector space over mathbbR or mathbbC, a pair of commuting matrices exists which forms a locally hypercyclic, non-hypercyclic tuple. This comes in direct contrast to the case of hypercyclic tuples where the minimal number of matrices required for hypercyclicity is related to the dimension of the vector space. In this direction we prove that the minimal number of diagonal matrices required to form a hypercyclic tuple on mathbbRn is n+1, thus complementing a recent result due to Feldman.


An \(n\)-tuple \(\{ T_1, \dots ,T_n\}\) of operators on a locally convex space \(X\) is called locally hypercyclic (respectively, hypercyclic) if there exists \(x\in X\setminus \{ 0\}\) such that, for any \(y\in X\), there are sequences of non-negative integers \((k_{m,j})_m\), \(j=1,\dots ,n\), with \((k_{m,1}+k_{m,2}+\dots +k_{m,n})_m\) tending to infinity, and a sequence of vectors \((x_m)_m\) in \(X\) converging to \(x\) (respectively, \(x_m=x\) for all \(m\)) such that the sequence \((T_1^{k_{m,1}}T_2^{k_{m,2}} \dots T_n^{k_{m,n}}x_m)_m\) converges to \(y\). The authors show that, for every \(n\in \mathbb{N}\), there exists an \((n+1)\)-tuple of diagonal matrices on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) which is hypercyclic. They also find pairs \((A,B)\) of diagonal matrices on \(X=\mathbb{R}^n\) or \(X=\mathbb{C}^n\) which are locally hypercyclic, but not hypercyclic. An analogous result is obtained on the (infinite-dimensional) sequence space \(\ell^p\), \(1\leq p<\infty\). Similar results for certain upper-triangular matrices complete the article.











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