Invariant differential operators and the range of the matrix Radon transform

DOI10.1016/J.JFA.2006.04.008MaRDI QIDQ860801zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Fulton Gonzalez, Tomoyuki Kakehi

Publication date 9 January 2007

Published in Journal of Functional Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfa.2006.04.008

Fourier transform holomorphic functions invariant differential operators matrix Radon transform Pfaffian system range Stiefel matrices weak Nullstellensatz

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Holomorphic functions of several complex variables (32A10) Radon transform (44A12)

Review text

Let \(M_{n,k}\) be the vector space of real \(n\times k\) matrices \((n\leq k)\) and \(\text{St}(n,m)\) the set of \(n\times m\) Stiefel matrices \((m\leq n)\). The authors characterize the range of the matrix Radon transform \(R\) \(:\) \({\mathcal S}(M_{n,k})\to{\mathcal S}(\Xi)\), where \(\Xi=\text{ St}(n,m)\times_{O(m)}M_{m,k}\). They show that if any \(\phi\in R{\mathcal S}(M_{n,k})\) satisfies the Pfaffian system \(d\nu(V_I)\phi=0\) for all \(I\in T_{k+2,n}\), and \(\phi\in {\mathcal S}(\Xi)\) satisfies the system, then there exists a \(f\in {\mathcal S}(M_{n,k})\) such that \(\phi=Rf\). A smoothness result in the sufficient part is crucial: Let \(\pi:\Xi\to M_{n,k}\) be a \(C^\infty\)-map given by \(\pi(\xi[F,C])=FC\). Let \(h\) be a function on \(M_{n,k}\) such that \(h\circ\pi\in C^\infty(\Xi)\). Then \(h\in C^\infty(M_{n,k})\). This theorem and the Fourier slice theorem yield the desired sufficient part: Let \(\phi\in{\mathcal S}(\Xi)\) satisfy the Pfaffian system, and \(\Phi={\mathcal F}\phi\) the partial Fourier transform. Then we can find a \(h\) on \(M_{n,k}\) such that \(h\circ\pi=\Phi\). By the smoothness theorem, \(h\in{\mathcal S}(M_{n,k})\). Let \(f\in{\mathcal S}(M_{n,k})\) be the inverse Fourier transform of \(h\). Then \({\mathcal F}\phi(\xi[F,C])=h(FC)={\widetilde f}(FC)= {\mathcal F}(Rf)(\xi[F,C])\) and thus, \(\phi=Rf\) by the injectivity of \({\mathcal F}\) on \({\mathcal S}(\Xi)\). For the proof of the smoothness theorem they obtain a \(C^\infty\) version on \(\mathbb R^n\) of the weak Nullstellensatz for holomorphic functions on \(\mathbb C^n\).

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