A diffusive logistic problem with a free boundary in time-periodic environment: favorable habitat or unfavorable habitat

DOI10.3934/DCDSB.2016.21.13MaRDI QIDQ894973zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Feng Wang, Qiaoling Chen, Fengquan Li

Publication date 25 November 2015

Published in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.0117

zbMATH Keywords

free boundaryspreading-vanishing dichotomyperiodic environmentsharp criteriadiffusive logistic problemfavorable habitat and unfavorable habitat

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Nonlinear initial, boundary and initial-boundary value problems for nonlinear parabolic equations (35K61) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35)

Abstract: We study the diffusive logistic equation with a free boundary in timeperiodic environment. To understand the effect of the dispersal rate $d$, the original habitat radius $h_0$, the spreading capability $mu$, and the initial density $u_0$ on the dynamics of the problem, we divide the time-periodic habitat into two cases: favorable habitat and unfavorable habitat. By choosing $d$, $h_0$, $mu$ and $u_0$ as variable parameters, we obtain a spreading-vanishing dichotomy and sharp criteria for the spreading and vanishing in time-periodic environment. We introduce the principal eigenvalue $lambd{a}_1(d,alpha,gamma,h(t),T)$ to determine the spreading and vanishing of the invasive species. We prove that if $lambd{a}_1(d,alpha,gamma,h_0,T)leq0$, the spreading must happen; while if $lambd{a}_1(d,alpha,gamma,h_0,T)>0$, the spreading is also possible. Our results show that the species in the favorable habitat can establish itself if the dispersal rate is slow or the occupying habitat is large. In an unfavorable habitat, the species vanishes if the initial density of the species is small, while survive successfully if the initial value is big. Moreover, when spreading occurs, the asymptotic spreading speed of the free boundary is determined.

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Cited in

(6)

• A diffusive logistic equation with a free boundary and sign-changing coefficient in time-periodic environment
• Global dynamics and asymptotic spreading speeds for a partially degenerate epidemic model with time delay and free boundaries
• Dynamics for a reaction–diffusion–advection mutualist model with different free boundaries
• A prey-predator model with a free boundary and sign-changing coefficient in time-periodic environment
• The diffusive competition problem with a free boundary in heterogeneous time-periodic environment
• The spreading front of invasive species in favorable habitat or unfavorable habitat

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