Curvature decomposition of G₂-manifolds

DOI10.1016/J.GEOMPHYS.2008.06.002MaRDI QIDQ950240zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Richard Cleyton, Stefan Ivanov

Publication date 22 October 2008

Published in Journal of Geometry and Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0702289

zbMATH Keywords

\(G_{2}\)-structure curvature decomposition integral inequalities Pontryagin class Weyl curvature

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(G)-structures (53C10) Special Riemannian manifolds (Einstein, Sasakian, etc.) (53C25)

Abstract: Explicit formulas for the

G_{2}

-components of the Riemannian curvature tensor on a manifold with a

G_{2}

structure are given in terms of Ricci contractions. We define a conformally invariant Ricci-type tensor that determines the 27-dimensional part of the Weyl tensor and show that its vanishing on compact

G_{2}

manifold with closed fundamental form forces the three-form to be parallel. A topological obstruction for the existence of a

G_{2}

structure with closed fundamental form is obtained in terms of the integral norms of the curvature components. We produce integral inequalities for closed

G_{2}

manifold and investigate limiting cases. We make a study of warped products and cohomogeneity-one

G_{2}

manifolds. As a consequence every Fern'andez-Gray type of

G_{2}

structure whose scalar curvature vanishes may be realized such that the metric has holonomy contained in

G_{2}

.

Review text

A \(G_2\)-structure on a smooth \(7\)-manifold \(M\) is defined by a \(3\)-form \(\phi\) such that the symmetric bilinear form \[ (u,v) \mapsto B_\phi (u,v) = (u \lrcorner \phi ) \wedge (v \lrcorner\phi ) \wedge \phi \in \wedge^7T_p^*M, \] \(u, v\in T_pM\), is definite for all \(p\in M\). The \(3\)-form \(\phi\) induces the volume form \(\nu = (\det B_\phi )^\frac{1}{9}\) and the Riemannian metric \(g= \frac{1}{\nu}B_\phi\). The curvature tensor \(R\) of \(g\) can be decomposed into 5 components, which correspond to the five irreducible \(G_2\)-submodules of the \(196\)-dimensional vector space of algebraic curvature tensors of type \(\mathfrak{so}(7)\): scalar curvature \(s\), trace-free Ricci curvature \(Ric_0\) and three components \(W_{77}\), \(W_{64}\) and \(W_{27}\) of the Weyl curvature \(W=W_{77} +W_{64} + W_{27}\). A \(G_2\)-structure \(\phi\) is parallel if and only if the holonomy group of \(g\) is a subgroup of \(G_2\). In that case we have \(R=W_{77}\). The authors provide explicit formulas for these curvature components in terms of certain generalized Ricci contractions. In particular, \(W_{27}\) is related to a certain symmetric trace-free tensor \(Ric^{\mathcal W}\). It is proven that various curvature assumptions (such as \(W_{27}=0\)) imply that \(\phi\) is parallel. For closed \(G_2\)-structures \(\phi\), the cup product of the first Pontrjagin class of \(M\) with the de Rham cohomology class of \(\phi\) is a well-defined top cohomology class. Integrating it over a closed manifold \(M\) yields a numerical invariant \(n(M,\phi )\in \mathbb{R}\) of the \(G_2\)-structure. The authors show (among other extimates) that \(n(M,\phi )\) is bounded from below by the integral of \(\frac{3}{16}s^2 -\| W_{77}\|^2\). It is shown that the closed \(G_2\)-structures realising equality in that inequality have parallel intrinsic torsion and that \((M,\phi )\) is locally isomorphic to a homogeneous \(G_2\)-manifold constructed by \textit{R. L. Bryant} [``Some remarks on \(G_2\)-structures, in Akbulut, Selman (ed.) et al., Proceedings of the 11th and 12th Gökova geometry-topology conferences, Cambridge, MA: International Press, 75--109 (2006; Zbl 1115.53018)]. Further examples of \(G_2\)-structures enjoying various interesting properties are constructed in the last chapter.

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