Quadratic uniformity of the Möbius function

DOI10.5802/AIF.2401zbMATH Open1160.11017arXivmath/0606087OpenAlexW1675214544MaRDI QIDQ954810FDOQ954810

Authors: Terence Tao, Ben Green 

Publication date: 18 November 2008

Published in: Annales de l’institut Fourier (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This paper is a part of our programme to generalise the Hardy-Littlewood method to handle systems of linear questions in primes. This programme is laid out in our paper Linear Equations in Primes [LEP], which accompanies this submission. In particular, the results of this paper may be used, together with the machinery of [LEP], to establish an asymptotic for the number of four-term progressions p_1 < p_2 < p_3 < p_4 <= N of primes, and more generally any problem counting prime points inside a ``non-degenerate affine lattice of codimension at most 2. The main result of this paper is a proof of the Mobius and Nilsequences Conjecture for 1 and 2-step nilsequences. This conjecture is introduced in [LEP] and amounts to showing that if G/Gamma is an s-step nilmanifold, s <= 2, if F : G/Gamma -> [-1,1] is a Lipschitz function, and if T_g : G/Gamma -> G/Gamma is the action of g in G on G/Gamma, then the Mobius function mu(n) is orthogonal to the sequence F(T_g^n x) in a fairly strong sense, uniformly in g and x in G/Gamma. This can be viewed as a ``quadratic generalisation of an exponential sum estimate of Davenport, and is proven by the following the methods of Vinogradov and Vaughan.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0606087

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zbMATH Keywords

Gowers inverse conjecturesquadratic uniformityMöbius function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Sequences and sets (11B99)

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Cited In (32)

• On the saturation number for singular cubic surfaces
• Fourier uniformity of bounded multiplicative functions in short intervals on average
• The quantitative behaviour of polynomial orbits on nilmanifolds
• Quantitative bounds in the nonlinear Roth theorem
• Energies and structure of additive sets
• An equivalence between inverse sumset theorems and inverse conjectures for the \(U^{3}\) norm
• Topological Wiener-Wintner ergodic theorem with polynomial weights
• Uniformity seminorms on \(\ell^{\infty}\) and applications
• On automorphic analogues of the Möbius randomness principle
• Pointwise ergodic theorems for non-conventional bilinear polynomial averages
• The Möbius function is strongly orthogonal to nilsequences
• Strong orthogonality between the Möbius function and skew products
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• Concatenation theorems for anti-Gowers-uniform functions and Host-Kra characteristic factors
• Improved bounds for five-term arithmetic progressions
• Linear inequalities in primes
• Analysis of two step nilsequences
• Gowers norms control diophantine inequalities
• LINEAR AND QUADRATIC UNIFORMITY OF THE MÖBIUS FUNCTION OVER
• Counting monochromatic solutions to diagonal Diophantine equations

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