The quantitative behaviour of polynomial orbits on nilmanifolds

DOI10.4007/ANNALS.2012.175.2.2MaRDI QIDQ410106zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Terence Tao, Ben Green

Publication date 17 April 2012

Published in Annals of Mathematics. Second Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.3562

zbMATH Keywords

randomnessquantitative equidistributionnilmanifoldpolynomial sequenceMöbius function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Primes in congruence classes (11N13)

Abstract: A theorem of Leibman asserts that a polynomial orbit $(g(1),g(2),g(3),ldots)$ on a nilmanifold $G/Gamma$ is always equidistributed in a union of closed sub-nilmanifolds of $G/Gamma$. In this paper we give a quantitative version of Leibman's result, describing the uniform distribution properties of a finite polynomial orbit $(g(1),ldots,g(N))$ in a nilmanifold. More specifically we show that there is a factorization $g=epsilon{g}^{\prime }gamma$, where $epsilon(n)$ is "smooth", $gamma(n)$ is periodic and "rational", and $(g^{\prime }(a),g^{\prime }(a+d),ldots,g^{\prime }(a+d(l-1)))$ is uniformly distributed (up to a specified error $delta$) inside some subnilmanifold $G^{\prime }/Gamm{a}^{\prime }$ of $G/Gamma$, for all sufficiently dense arithmetic progressions $a,a+d,ldots,a+d(l-1)$ inside $1,\mathrm{..},N$. Our bounds are uniform in $N$ and are polynomial in the error tolerance delta. In a subsequent paper we shall use this theorem to establish the Mobius and Nilsequences conjecture from our earlier paper "Linear equations in primes".

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