Polynomial patterns in the primes

DOI10.1017/FMP.2017.3zbMATH Open1459.11030arXiv1603.07817OpenAlexW2963980262MaRDI QIDQ5226582FDOQ5226582

Terence Tao, Tamar Ziegler

Publication date: 1 August 2019

Published in: Forum of Mathematics, Pi (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $$ be polynomials of degree at most $d$ for some $dgeq1$, with the degree $d$ coefficients all distinct, and admissible in the sense that for every prime $p$, there exists integers $n,m$ such that $n+P_1(m),dots,n+P_k(m)$ are all not divisible by $p$. We show that there exist infinitely many natural numbers $n,m$ such that $n+P_1(m),dots,n+P_k(m)$ are simultaneously prime, generalizing a previous result of the authors, which was restricted to the special case $P_1(0)=dots=P_k(0)=0$ (though it allowed for the top degree coefficients to coincide). Furthermore, we obtain an asymptotic for the number of such prime pairs $n,m$ with $nleqN$ and $mleqM$ with $M$ slightly less than $N^{1/d}$. Our arguments rely on four ingredients. The first is a (slightly modified) generalized von Neumann theorem of the authors, reducing matters to controlling certain averaged local Gowers norms of (suitable normalizations of) the von Mangoldt function. The second is a more recent concatenation theorem of the authors, controlling these averaged local Gowers norms by global Gowers norms. The third ingredient is the work of Green and the authors on linear equations in primes, allowing one to compute these global Gowers norms for the normalized von Mangoldt functions. Finally, we use the Conlon-Fox-Zhao densification approach to the transference principle to combine the preceding three ingredients together. In the special case $P_1(0)=dots=P_k(0)=0$, our methods also give infinitely many $n,m$ with $n+P_1(m),dots,n+P_k(m)$ in a specified set primes of positive relative density $delta$, with $m$ bounded by $lo{g}^{L}n$ for some $L$ independent of the density $delta$. This improves slightly on a result from our previous paper, in which $L$ was allowed to depend on $delta$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.07817

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zbMATH Keywords

patterns of primes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Arithmetic combinatorics; higher degree uniformity (11B30) Primes represented by polynomials; other multiplicative structures of polynomial values (11N32)

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Cited In (11)

• Regularity of primes associated with polynomial parametrisations
• More primes and polynomials
• Polynomials and Primes in Generalized Arithmetic Progressions
• Further bounds in the polynomial Szemer
• Uniformity norms, their weaker versions, and applications
• A view on multiple recurrence
• Bounds for sets with no polynomial progressions
• A polynomial Roth theorem on the real line
• Small sets containing any pattern
• Sets of primes determined by systems of polynomial congruences
• Higher uniformity of bounded multiplicative functions in short intervals on average

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