Asymptotic behaviour of self-contracted planar curves and gradient orbits of convex functions

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2010.03.007MaRDI QIDQ987849zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors A. Daniilidis, Olivier Ley, Stéphane Sabourau

Publication date 16 August 2010

Published in Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0809.0150

zbMATH Keywords

convex and quasiconvex functionsgradient trajectoriesLojasiewicz inequalityplanar dynamical systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D20) Gradient-like behavior; isolated (locally maximal) invariant sets; attractors, repellers for topological dynamical systems (37B35) Dynamics induced by flows and semiflows (37C10) Dynamical systems in other branches of physics (quantum mechanics, general relativity, laser physics) (37N20) Convex sets in (2) dimensions (including convex curves) (52A10)

Abstract: We hereby introduce and study the notion of self-contracted curves, which encompasses orbits of gradient systems of convex and quasiconvex functions. Our main result shows that bounded self-contracted planar curves have a finite length. We also give an example of a convex function defined in the plane whose gradient orbits spiral infinitely many times around the unique minimum of the function.

Review text

The article deals with analytical characteristics of trajectories \(\gamma\) of the gradient system \[ \dot\gamma = -\nabla f(\gamma), \] where \(f: \;{\mathbb R}^2 \to {\mathbb R}\) is a smooth convex (or quasiconvex) function which admits a minimum. The authors prove that the trajectories of this system have a finite length; moreover, if \(\gamma: \;I \to {\mathbb R}^2\) satisfies the additional condition \[ \text{dist} \, (\gamma(t_1),\gamma(t_3)) \geq \text{dist} \, (\gamma(t_2),\gamma(t_3)), \quad t_1 \leq t_2 \leq t_3, \;t_1,t_2,t_3 \in I, \] then \[ \text{length} \, (\gamma) \leq 42 D(\gamma), \] where \(D(\gamma)\) is the distance between the endpoints of \(\gamma\). At the end of the article two examples are presented. The first of them shows that the assertion about finiteness of the length of trajectories is false without the assumption about quasiconcavity of \(f\). The second is a continuous convex function defined in the plane whose gradient orbits turn infinitely many times around the unique minimizer of this function.

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Cited in

(29)

• Rectifiability of non Euclidean planar self-contracted curves
• Curiosities and counterexamples in smooth convex optimization
• Self-contracted curves in CAT(0)-spaces and their rectifiability
• Metric and geometric relaxations of self-contracted curves
• Rectifiability of self-contracted curves in the Euclidean space and applications
• On damped second-order gradient systems
• Self-contracted curves in Riemannian manifolds
• Asymptotic closeness to limiting shapes for expanding embedded plane curves
• An eikonal equation with vanishing Lagrangian arising in global optimization
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• Sweeping by a tame process
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• Bounding regions to plane steepest descent curves of quasiconvex families
• Metric spaces with small rough angles and the rectifiability of rough self-contracted curves
• Rectifiability property for plane paths and descent curves

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