Values of decomposable forms at S-integral points and orbits of tori on homogeneous spaces

Diophantine approximation in probabilistic number theory (11K60) Discrete subgroups of Lie groups (22E40) Dynamical systems with hyperbolic behavior (37D99)

Abstract: We classify the closed orbits under the action of maximal tori on the S-adic homogeneous spaces. As an application, we prove that if the set of values at the integer points of any homogeneous non-degenerate split form is discrete, then the form is multiple of a form with rational coefficients. Our result is related to the notable Littlewood conjecture.

Review text

The values of decomposable forms are studied and the locally divergent orbits are described in terms of minimal parabolic \(K\)-algebras. One considers a reductive algebraic group \(G\) defined over a number field \(K\). In addition, one denotes by \(S\) a finite set of valuations of \(K\) containing all archimedean ones, and by \(\Gamma \) an \(S\)-arithmetic subgroup of \(G\). It is proven that, if the collection of decomposable homogeneous forms \(f_{v}\in K_{v}[x_{1},\dots,x_{n}]\), \(v\in S\), takes discrete values at \(O^{n},\) where \(O\) is the ring of \(S\)-integers of \(K\), then there exists a homogeneous form \(g\in O[x_{1},\dots,x_{n}],\) such that \(\;f_{v}=\alpha _{v}g,\alpha _{v}\in K_{v}^{\ast }\), for all \(v\in S\). It is emphasized that the result applies to the simplest case of a real homogeneous form when \(K=Q\) and \(O=Z.\)

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