Rad-supplemented modules.

DOI10.4171/RSMUP/124-10MaRDI QIDQ624857zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Engin Mermut, Salahattin Özdemir, Engin Büyükaşik

Publication date 10 February 2011

Published in Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/243435, http://rendiconti.math.unipd.it/volumes/vol124.php?lan=english

coneat modules Dedekind domains proper classes supplement submodules supplemented modules supplements

Structure and classification for modules, bimodules and ideals (except as in 16Gxx), direct sum decomposition and cancellation in associative algebras) (16D70) Noncommutative local and semilocal rings, perfect rings (16L30) General radicals and associative rings (16N80) Torsion theories; radicals on module categories (associative algebraic aspects) (16S90) Relative homological algebra, projective classes (category-theoretic aspects) (18G25)

Review text

Let \(R\) be an associative ring with identity and \(\tau\) a radical for \(R\)-mod, then a submodule \(V\) of a left \(R\)-module \(M\) is said to be a \(\tau\)-supplement (of \(U\)) in \(M\) if there exists a submodule \(U\) of \(M\) such that \(U+V=M\) and \(U\cap V=\tau(V)\). A module \(M\) is called a \(\tau\)-supplemented module if every submodule of \(M\) has a \(\tau\)-supplement in \(M\). Let \(\text{Rad\,}M\) denote the radical of \(M\), then for \(\tau=\text{Rad}\), the above definitions give Rad-supplement submodules of a module and Rad-supplemented modules. Although the paper focuses on Rad-supplemented modules, \(\tau\)-supplemented, for any radical \(\tau\), are examined first. Some properties of \(\tau\)-supplements and \(\tau\)-supplemented modules are found, complementing the known results of \textit{K. Al-Takhman, C. Lomp} and \textit{R. Wisbauer} [Algebra Discrete Math. 2006, No. 3, 1-15 (2006; Zbl 1116.16005)] and those of \textit{J. Clark, C. Lomp, N. Vanaja} and \textit{R. Wisbauer}, [Lifting modules. Supplements and projectivity in module theory. Frontiers in Mathematics. Basel: Birkhäuser (2006; Zbl 1102.16001)]. For example, if \(V\) is a \(\tau\)-supplement in a module \(M\), then it is shown that \(\tau(V)=V\cap\tau(M)\). Thus, for \(V\) a Rad-supplement, we have \(\text{Rad\,}V=V\cap\text{Rad\,}M\). Also, if \(M\) is a \(\tau\)-supplemented module, then \(\text{Rad\,}M\leq\tau(M)\), and \(\text{Rad}(M/P_\tau(M))=\tau(M/P_\tau(M))=\tau(M)/P_\tau(M)\), where \(P_\tau(M)=\sum\{U\leq M\mid\tau(U)=U\}\). Subsequently the following question is studied: When are all left \(R\)-modules \(\tau\)-supplemented? The main result of this section is: For a ring \(R\) with \(P_\tau(R)\leq J(R)\) (the Jacobson radical), the following are equivalent: (i) every left \(R\)-module is \(\tau\)-supplemented, (ii) every free left \(R\)-module is \(\tau\)-supplemented, (iii) the free left \(R\)-module \(F=R^{\mathbb N}\) is \(\tau\)-supplemented, (iv) the quotient ring \(R/P_\tau(R)\) is left perfect and \(\tau(R)=J(R)\). For \(\tau=\text{Rad}\), the question above is investigated further. For any ring \(R\), the following are shown to be equivalent: (i) every left \(R\)-module is Rad-supplemented, (ii) every reduced left \(R\)-module is Rad-supplemented, (iii) every reduced left \(R\)-module is supplemented, (iv) the free left \(R\)-module \(R^{\mathbb N}\) is Rad-supplemented, and (v) \(R/P(R)\) is left perfect, where \(P(R)=P_{\text{Rad}}(R)\). For \(R\) a left duo ring such that \(P(R)=0\), it is shown that \(R\) is a Rad-supplemented left \(R\)-module if and only if \(R\) is semiperfect. Also, the left \(R\)-module \(R\) is Rad-supplemented if and only if \(R/P(R)\) is semiperfect if and only if every finitely generated (free) left \(R\)-module is Rad-supplemented. The final part of the paper deals with the case where \(R\) is a Dedekind domain, the main result stating that an \(R\)-module \(M\) over a Dedekind domain is Rad-supplemented if and only if \(M/P(M)\) is (Rad)-supplemented. This characterization is used to give examples of Rad-supplemented modules that are not supplemented.

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