Random walks on Ramanujan complexes and digraphs

DOI10.4171/JEMS/990MaRDI QIDQ2216740zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Eyal Lubetzky, Ori Parzanchevski, Alexander Lubotzky

Publication date 17 December 2020

Published in Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.05452

cutoff phenomenon high dimensional expanders mixing time of random walk Ramanujan complexes

Directed graphs (digraphs), tournaments (05C20) Random walks on graphs (05C81) Combinatorial aspects of representation theory (05E10) Combinatorial aspects of simplicial complexes (05E45) Convergence of probability measures (60B10)

Abstract: The cutoff phenomenon was recently confirmed for random walks on Ramanujan graphs by the first author and Peres. In this work, we obtain analogs in higher dimensions, for random walk operators on any Ramanujan complex associated with a simple group

G

over a local field

F

. We show that if

T

is any

k

-regular

G

-equivariant operator on the Bruhat-Tits building with a simple combinatorial property (collision-free), the associated random walk on the

n

-vertex Ramanujan complex has cutoff at time

l o g_{k} n

. The high dimensional case, unlike that of graphs, requires tools from non-commutative harmonic analysis and the infinite-dimensional representation theory of

G

. Via these, we show that operators

T

as above on Ramanujan complexes give rise to Ramanujan digraphs with a special property (

r

-normal), implying cutoff. Applications include geodesic flow operators, geometric implications, and a confirmation of the Riemann Hypothesis for the associated zeta functions over every group

G

, previously known for groups of type

w i d e t i l d e A_{n}

and

w i d e t i l d e C_{2}

.

Review text

Summary: The cutoff phenomenon was recently confirmed for random walks on Ramanujan graphs by \textit{E. Lubetzky} and \textit{Y. Peres} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 26, No. 4, 1190--1216 (2016; Zbl 1351.05208)]. In this work, we obtain analogs in higher dimensions, for random walk operators on any Ramanujan complex associated with a simple group \(G\) over a local field \(F\). We show that if \(T\) is any \(k\)-regular \(G\)-equivariant operator on the Bruhat-Tits building with a simple combinatorial property (collision-free), the associated random walk on the \(n\)-vertex Ramanujan complex has cutoff at time \(log_k n\). The high-dimensional case, unlike that of graphs, requires tools from non-commutative harmonic analysis and the infinite-dimensional representation theory of \(G\). Via these, we show that operators \(T \) as above on Ramanujan complexes give rise to Ramanujan digraphs with a special property \((r\)-normal), implying cutoff. Applications include geodesic flow operators, geometric implications, and a confirmation of the Riemann Hypothesis for the associated zeta functions over every group \(G\), previously known for groups of type \(\widetilde A_n\) and \(\widetilde C_2\).

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