Real projective groups are formal

Galois cohomology (12G05) (Co)homology of rings and associative algebras (e.g., Hochschild, cyclic, dihedral, etc.) (16E40) Homotopical algebra, Quillen model categories, derivators (18N40) Massey products (55S30)

Review text

In [Real and étale cohomology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag (1994; Zbl 0852.14003)], \textit{C. Scheiderer} developed the cohomology of a profinite group having an open subgroup \(\Delta\) with \(\mathrm{cd}_p(\Delta) < \infty\) for some prime \(p\). For a field \(\mathbb{F}\), a differential graded \(\mathbb{F}\)-algebra \(C^*\) with cohomology \(H^*\) is said to be \textit{formal} if there is a sequence \(C^* \leftarrow T^* \rightarrow H^*\) of quasi-isomorphisms of differential graded algebras between \(C^*\) and \(H^*\), where \(H^*\) is considered as a differential graded \(\mathbb{F}\)-algebra with trivial differential. A graded \(\mathbb{F}\)-algebra \(A\) is called \textit{intrinsically formal} if every differential graded algebra \(C^*\) with \(H^* (C^*) \cong A\) is formal. A differential graded associative \(\mathbb{F}\)-algebra \(C^*\) satisfies \textit{strong Massey vanishing} if all neighbouring cup products vanish for the \(n\)-tuple of cohomology classes.\N\NIn the paper under review, the authors show that if \(G\) is a real projective profinite group, then the graded algebra \(H^*(G, \mathbb{F}_2)\) is intrinsically formal, and if \(V\) is an \(\mathbb{F}_2\)-vector space with its associated dual algebra \(V_*\), \(B\) is a Boolean ring, and \(A \subset B\) is a finite Boolean subring, then \N\[\N\mathrm{HH}^{k, 2-k}(V_* \sqcap A_*, V_* \sqcap B_*) = 0 \N\]\Nfor all \(k \geq 3\), and \N\[\N\mathrm{HH}^{k, m}(V_* \sqcap A_*, V_* \sqcap B_*) = 0 \N\]\Nfor all \(k \geq 0\) with \(k \neq 1-m\), \(\vert A \vert \geq 8\), and a negative integer \(m\). The authors also show that every formal differential graded algebra satisfies strong Massey vanishing, and that \(H^*(F, \mathbb{F}_2)\) is intrinsically formal and Koszul, and hence \(C^*(\Gamma(F), \mathbb{F}_p)\) is formal and satisfies strong Massey vanishing for a field \(F\) with virtual cohomological dimension \(\leq 1\) and \(p\) a prime number. In Appendix, they describe the pivotal properties of the Boolean rings and provide a proof of the existence of the first quadrant spectral sequence whose \(E_2^{p,q}\)-term is \(\underset{\alpha}{\varprojlim^p}\mathrm{HH}^{q,s}(A_\alpha, M)\) converging to the Hochschild cohomology \(\mathrm{HH}^{p+q,s}(A,M)\) of a positively graded \(\mathbb{F}_2\)-algebra \(A\) with \(A_0 = \mathbb{F}_2\) and a graded \(A^e\)-module \(M\).

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