Recurrence coefficients of a new generalization of the Meixner polynomials

DOI10.3842/SIGMA.2011.068MaRDI QIDQ431332zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Galina Filipuk, Walter Van Assche

Publication date 26 June 2012

Published in SIGMA. Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1104.3773

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zbMATH Keywords

fifth Painlevé equationorthogonal polynomialsrecurrence coefficients

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Other special orthogonal polynomials and functions (33C47) Painlevé-type functions (33E17) Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55)

Abstract: We investigate new generalizations of the Meixner polynomials on the lattice $mathbbN$, on the shifted lattice $$ and on the bi-lattice $$. We show that the coefficients of the three-term recurrence relation for the orthogonal polynomials are related to the solutions of the fifth Painlev'e equation P${}_{extupV}$. Initial conditions for different lattices can be transformed to the classical solutions of P${}_{extupV}$ with special values of the parameters. We also study one property of the B"acklund transformation of P${}_{extupV}$.

Review text

The recurrence coefficients of orthogonal polynomials are often related to the Painlevé equations (see overview in [\textit{L. Boelen, G. Filipuk} and \textit{W. Van Assche}, J. Phys. A, Math. Theor. 44, No. 3, Article ID 035202, 19 p. (2011; Zbl 1217.34135)]). In the paper under review a new example of such a relation is given.NEWLINENEWLINEThe generalized Meixner orthogonal polynomials \(p_n(k)\) are orthogonal polynomials with respect to the scalar product NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}p_n(k)p_m(k)w(k)=\delta_{n,m},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where NEWLINE\[NEWLINEw(x)=\frac{\Gamma(\beta)\Gamma(\gamma+x)e^x}{\Gamma(\gamma)\Gamma(\beta+x)\Gamma(x+1)}, \text{ and hence } w(k)=\frac{(\gamma)_ke^k}{(\beta)_k k!}.NEWLINE\]NEWLINE This weight was introduced in [C. Smet and W. Van Assche, Orthogonal polynomial on a bi-lattice, Constr Approx, to appear, \url{arxiv:1101.1817}], see also [\textit{T. S. Chihara}, Mathematics and its Applications. Vol. 13. New York - London -Paris: Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers. (1978; Zbl 0389.33008)] for the information about classical Meixner weight.NEWLINENEWLINEBoth classical and generalized Meixner polynomials satisfy the recurrence relation NEWLINE\[NEWLINExp_n(x)=a_{n+1}p_{n+1}(x)+b_np_n(x)+a_np_{n-1}(x),NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(a_k, b_k\) must be obtained from some other recurrence relations. In [\textit{C. Smet} and \textit{W. Van Assche}, Constr. Approx. 36, No. 2, 215--242 (2012; Zbl 1262.34103)] these recurrence relation were explicitly written in the case of generalized Meixner polynomials.NEWLINENEWLINEIn the case of classical Meixner polynomials (the case \(w(k)=\frac{(\beta)_k c^k}{k!}\), \(\beta>0\), \(0<c<1\)) the solutions of the recurrence relations for \(a_n\), \(b_n\) are known explicitly. In another particular case of generalized Meixner polynomials corresponding to \(w(k)=\frac{(\beta)_k c^k}{(k!)^2}\), \(\beta>0\), \(c>0\) the solution of these recurrence relations are related to solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation L. Boelen, G. Filipuk and W. Van Assche [loc. cit.].NEWLINENEWLINEThe main result of the present paper is the solution of this recurrence relations for all generalized Meixner polynomials. It is proved that the solutions can be expressed through the solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation. Several forms of this expression are presented, the different forms are transformed one into another using Bäcklund transformations. The parameters of the fifth Painlevé equation equation are expressed explicitely through the parameters of the generalized Meixner weight.

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Cited in

(22)

• Discrete orthogonal polynomials with hypergeometric weights and Painlevé VI
• Pearson equations for discrete orthogonal polynomials. III: Christoffel and Geronimus transformations
• Discrete semiclassical orthogonal polynomials of class 2
• Asymptotics of Meixner polynomials and Christoffel-Darboux kernels
• The generalized Krawtchouk polynomials and the fifth Painlevé equation
• Recurrence coefficients of generalized Meixner polynomials and Painlevé equations
• Orthogonal and multiple orthogonal polynomials, random matrices, and Painlevé equations
• The relationship between semiclassical Laguerre polynomials and the fourth Painlevé equation
• Recurrence coefficients of generalized Charlier polynomials and the fifth Painlevé equation
• Recurrence coefficients for discrete orthonormal polynomials and the Painlevé equations
• Differential and difference equations for recurrence coefficients of orthogonal polynomials with hypergeometric weights and Bäcklund transformations of the sixth Painlevé equation
• On differential systems related to generalized Meixner and deformed Laguerre orthogonal polynomials
• Comparative asymptotics for discrete semiclassical orthogonal polynomials
• Pearson equations for discrete orthogonal polynomials: I. Generalized hypergeometric functions and Toda equations
• Laguerre–Freud equations for three families of hypergeometric discrete orthogonal polynomials
• Recurrence relations for the moments of discrete semiclassical functionals of class s≤2
• A generalization of the discrete Rodrigues formula for Meixner polynomials
• Painlevé IV, biconfluent Heun and the semi-classical Laguerre polynomials
• Matrix factorizations for the generalized Charlier and Meixner orthogonal polynomials
• Orthogonal polynomials on a bi-lattice
• On the iterated polynomial regularisation of the differential system related to the generalised Meixner orthogonal polynomials
• On the discrete Painlevé equivalence problem, non-conjugate translations and nodal curves

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