Relative normality and dense subspaces
A subspace \(Y\) of a topological space \(X\) is said to be normal in \(X\) if for every pair \(A,B\) of disjoint closed subsets of \(X\) there exist disjoint open subsets \(U,V\) of \(X\) such that \(A\cap Y\subset U\) and \(B\cap Y\subset V\). It is said to be internally normal in \(X\) if for every pair \(A,B\) of disjoint closed subsets of \(X\) such that \(A\subset Y\) and \(B\subset Y\) there exist disjoint open subsets \(U,V\) of \(X\) such that \(A\subset U\) and \(B\subset V\). If \(Y\) is normal in \(X\), then \(Y\) is internally normal in \(X\). Moreover, every dense normal subspace of a topological space \(X\) is internally normal in \(X\). The paper contains some interesting examples concerning these relative normality properties. Example 1: There exists a completely regular \(T_1\)-space \(X\) containing a dense subspace \(Y\) such that \(Y\) is internally normal in \(X\) but not normal in \(X\). Example 2: The space \(C_p(\omega_1+1)\) of all continuous real-valued functions on \(\omega_1+1\) equipped with the topology of pointwise convergence has the property that for every dense subspace \(X\) of \(C_p (\omega_1+1)\) and for every dense subspace \(Y\) of \(X\), \(Y\) is not internally normal in \(X\). It follows that \(C_p(\omega_1+1)\) has no dense normal subspace. Example 3: There exists a submetrizable completely regular \(T_1\)-space \(X\) of weight \(\omega_1\) such that no dense subspace of \(X\) is internally normal in \(X\). It follows that \(X\) has no dense normal subspace. Example 4: The space \({\mathcal F}(\mathbb{R})\) of all nonempty finite subsets of the reals equipped with the Pixley-Roy topology is a completely regular hereditarily metacompact and developable \(T_1\)-space such that no dense subspace of \({\mathcal F}(\mathbb{R})\) is internally normal in \({\mathcal F}(\mathbb{R})\). Hence \({\mathcal F}(\mathbb{R})\) has no dense normal subspace.
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