Roth's theorem over arithmetic function fields
An arithmetic function field is a finitely generated extension of \({\mathbb{Q}}\). \textit{A. Moriwaki} [J. Algebr. Geom. 18, No. 3, 407--457 (2009; Zbl 1167.14014)] formulated a theory of heights over an arithmetic function field. The author uses this theory to extend Roth Theorem over arithmetic function fields by means of an extension of the standard proof. He gives four equivalent formulations of Roth Theorem over arithmetic function fields. One of them, which is the version used for the proof, is the following. \par Let \(K\) be an arithmetic function field, \(M:= (B; {\mathcal{M}} , \ldots, {\mathcal{M}})\) a big polarization of \(K\) with all metrized line sheaves equal to the same smoothly metrized line sheaf \({\mathcal{M}}\), \(M_K\) be derived from this polarization, and \(S\) a subset of \(M_K\) with finite measure. Let \(D\) be a reduced effective divisor on \({\mathbb{P}}^1_K\); let \(m_S(D,\cdot)\) be the proximity function associated to some choice of Weil function for \(D\); let \(\varepsilon > 0\) and let \(c\in{\mathbb{R}}\). Then the inequality \(m_S(D,\xi)\le (2+\varepsilon)h_K(\xi)+c \) holds for all but finitely many \(\xi\in K\). \par For the reduction of the theorem to simultaneous approximation, the author's key idea comes from a work by \textit{E. A. Wirsing} [Proc. Sympos. Pure Math. 20, 213--247 (1971; Zbl 0223.10017)]. Instead of Roth Lemma, the author uses a version of Dyson's Lemma due to \textit{H. Esnault} and \textit{E. Viehweg} [Invent. Math. 78, 445--490 (1984; Zbl 0545.10021)].
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