Sharp Estimates for the Eigenvalues of Some Differential Equations

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Optimal upper and lower bounds are obtained for the eigenvalues of the differential equations \[ y -q(x)y+\lambda\rho(x)y=0, \qquad (q(x)y')'+\lambda\rho(x)y=0, \] on a finite interval with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Here, \(\rho(x)\) and \(q(x)\) are nonnegative and \((q, \rho)\in U\times V\), with \[ \begin{aligned} U&= \left\{q\in L^{1}(0,l): q(x)\geq 0,\;\int_{0}^{l}q(x)dx=A\right\},\\ V&= \left\{\rho\in L^{\infty}(0,l): 0\leq\rho (x)\leq H,\;\int_{0}^{l}\rho(x)dx= B\right\},\end{aligned} \] and \(Hl>B\). The autor continues investigations of \textit{G. Talenti} [General inequalities 4, Mem. E. F. Beckenbach, 4th Int. Conf., Oberwolfach/Ger. 1983, ISNM 71, 341-350 (1984; Zbl 0591.34019)], \textit{Yu. V. Egorov} and \textit{V. A. Kondratiev} [Vestn. Mosk. Univ., I. Ser., Mat. Mekh. 6, 5-11 and others] initiated by \textit{M. G. Krejn} [Am. Math. Soc., Translat., II. Ser. 1, 163-187 (1955; Zbl 0066.33404)].




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