Some canonical sequences of integers

DOI10.1016/0024-3795(94)00245-9MaRDI QIDQ1899396zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 20 February 1996

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0205301

Bell numbers Catalan numbers integer sequences sequence transformations Stirling numbers tree enumeration

Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Bell and Stirling numbers (11B73) Special sequences and polynomials (11B83)

Abstract: Extending earlier work of R. Donaghey and P. J. Cameron, we investigate some canonical "eigen-sequences" associated with transformations of integer sequences. Several known sequences appear in a new setting: for instance the sequences (such as 1, 3, 11, 49, 257, 1531, ...) studied by T. Tsuzuku, H. O. Foulkes and A. Kerber in connection with multiply transitive groups are eigen-sequences for the binomial transform. Many interesting new sequences also arise, such as 1, 1, 2, 26, 152, 1144, ..., which shifts one place left when transformed by the Stirling numbers of the second kind, and whose exponential generating function satisfies A'(x) = A(e^x -1) + 1.

Review text

The authors present some important integer sequences (eigensequences) that are associated in a canonical way with sequence transformations, thus extending the work of \textit{R. Donaghey} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 21, 155-163 (1976; Zbl 0345.05002)] and \textit{P. J. Cameron} [Discrete Math. 75, No. 1-3, 89-102 (1989; Zbl 0685.05001)]. The transformations considered are: BINOMIAL, STIRLING, CONV (with modifications), MÖBIUS, WEIGH, EULER, PARTITION, INVERT, and EXP. 52 examples of basic sequences with respect to these transformations are given; in part, they are new. Many of these sequences arise from the Stirling, Catalan, and Bell numbers, as well as from multiply transitive groups and enumeration of trees. They were not published in ``A handbook of integer sequences of the second author [Acad. Press, New York (1973; Zbl 0286.10001)] but will be included in the subsequent book [the second author and \textit{S. Plouffe}, The encyclopedia of integer sequences, Acad. Press, San Diego, 1995]. Unfortunately, two figures are missing in the print (on pp. 64 and 66).

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