Some efficient methods for enclosing simple zeros of nonlinear equations

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Three methods for solving univariate equations are presented. The methods are derivative free and render nested sequences of intervals converging to a zero of the equation. The common feature of the methods are so- called double length secant steps, which aim to improve enclosing intervals that have been obtained by preceding bracketing phases. The interval widths of the first algorithm converge \(Q\)-quadratically to zero. Two function evaluations each iteration are needed finally (that is, from a certain stage of the computation). The second algorithm uses quadratic interpolation polynomials, converges with \(Q\)-order 4, and needs three function evaluations finally each iteration. The third algorithm arises from the second one by replacing a secant step with a simple bisection. In this case, convergence is of \(R\)-order \((3+\sqrt {13})/2\), and three function evaluations each step are needed.




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