Some techniques on nonlinear analysis and applications

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2011.09.014MaRDI QIDQ655376zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors J. Santos, J. B. Seoane-Sepúlveda, Daniel Pellegrino

Publication date 4 January 2012

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1006.0536

absolutely summing multilinear maps absolutely summing operators inclusion theorem Pietsch domination theorem

(Spaces of) multilinear mappings, polynomials (46G25) Linear operators belonging to operator ideals (nuclear, (p)-summing, in the Schatten-von Neumann classes, etc.) (47B10) Multilinear and polynomial operators (47H60) Nonlinear operators and their properties (47H99) Ideals of polynomials and of multilinear mappings in operator theory (47L22)

Abstract: In this paper we present two different results in the context of nonlinear analysis. The first one is essentially a nonlinear technique that, in view of its strong generality, may be useful in different practical problems. The second result, more technical, but also connected to the first one, is an extension of the well-known Pietsch Domination Theorem. The last decade witnessed the birth of different families of Pietsch Domination-type results and some attempts of unification. Our result, that we call "full general Pietsch Domination Theorem" is potentially a definitive Pietsch Domination Theorem which unifies the previous versions and delimits what can be proved in this line.The connections to the recent notion of weighted summability are traced.

Review text

The main aim of this interesting article is to present in a context of strong generality (that is, arbitrary mappings between spaces with almost no structure) versions of two classical results about linear operators between Banach spaces. The first one is the Inclusion Theorem for absolutely summing mappings, originally proved by \textit{S. Kwapień} in [``Some remarks on \((p,q)\)-absolutely summing operators in \(\ell_{p}\)-spaces, Stud. Math. 29, 327--337 (1968; Zbl 0182.17001)]. It states the following: for \(1\leq p_1\leq q_1<\infty\), \(1\leq p_2\leq q_2<\infty\), if a continuous linear operator between Banach spaces \(u:X\to Y\) satisfies that there exists \(C>0\) such that \[ \left(\sum_{j=1}^m \|u(x_j)\|^{q_1}\right)^{1/q_1}\leq C \sup_{\varphi\in B_{X^*}}\left(\sum_{j=1}^m |\varphi(x_j)|^{p_1}\right)^{1/p_1} \] for every \(m\) and all \(x_1,\dots, x_m\in X\), then it should also satisfy \[ \left(\sum_{j=1}^m \|u(x_j)\|^{q_2}\right)^{1/q_2}\leq C \sup_{\varphi\in B_{X^*}}\left(\sum_{j=1}^m |\varphi(x_j)|^{p_2}\right)^{1/p_2} \] for every \(m\) and all \(x_1,\dots, x_m\in X\), provided that \[ p_1\leq p_2,\qquad q_1\leq q_2\qquad\text{ and }\qquad \frac{1}{p_1}-\frac{1}{q_1}<\frac{1}{p_2}-\frac{1}{q_2}. \] Its direct proof, which combines Hölder's inequality with the homogeneity of linear operators, can be adapted for multilinear maps or homogeneous polynomials. The authors here formulate a slightly weaker statement for arbitrary mappings between general spaces and derive from it the stronger multilinear result. Naturally, this broad presentation could also be useful to obtain potential extensions to other unexplored settings. Before illustrating some of the applications, the authors present an enjoyable and careful review of the emergence and development of the concept of absolute summability for linear operators and of some of its multilinear versions. The second result exposed here under broad conditions is the classical Pietsch Domination Theorem for absolutely summing linear operators [\textit{A. Pietsch}, ``Absolut \(p\)-summierende Abbildungen in normierten Räumen, Stud. Math. 28, 333--353 (1967; Zbl 0156.37903)]. In the last decades, several extensions and variations of the concept of absolute summability have been developed for different classes of non-linear mappings and in almost every of such contexts a kind of Pietsch Domination Theorem was proved. All these results are particular cases of the ``full general Pietsch Domination Theorem presented in this paper.

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