Space-time finite element discretization of parabolic optimal control problems with energy regularization

DOI10.1137/20M1332980MaRDI QIDQ5855637zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ulrich Langer, Fredi Tröltzsch, Huidong Yang, O. Steinbach

Publication date 19 March 2021

Published in SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09504

zbMATH Keywords

discretization error estimatesparabolic optimal control problemsspace-time finite element methods

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20) Existence theories for optimal control problems involving partial differential equations (49J20) Discrete approximations in optimal control (49M25) PDE constrained optimization (numerical aspects) (49M41) Error bounds for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M15) Mesh generation, refinement, and adaptive methods for the numerical solution of initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M50) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M60)

Abstract: We analyze space-time finite element methods for the numerical solution of distributed parabolic optimal control problems with energy regularization in the Bochner space $L^2(0,T;H^{-1}(Omega))$. By duality, the related norm can be evaluated by means of the solution of an elliptic quasi-stationary boundary value problem. When eliminating the control, we end up with the reduced optimality system that is nothing but the variational formulation of the coupled forward-backward primal and adjoint equations. Using Babuv{s}ka's theorem, we prove unique solvability in the continuous case. Furthermore, we establish the discrete inf-sup condition for any conforming space-time finite element discretization yielding quasi-optimal discretization error estimates. Various numerical examples confirm the theoretical findings. We emphasize that the energy regularization results in a more localized control with sharper contours for discontinuous target functions, which is demonstrated by a comparison with an $L^2$ regularization and with a sparse optimal control approach.

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Cited in

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