Global wellposedness and large time behavior of solutions to the \(N\)-dimensional compressible Oldroyd-B model (Q2034004)

The authors consider the compressible Oldroyd-B model written as \(\partial _{t}a+\operatorname{div} u=-\operatorname{div}(au)\), \(\partial _{t}\eta -\varepsilon \Delta \eta =-\operatorname{div}(\eta u)\), \(\partial _{t}\mathbb{T}+\frac{A_{0}}{2\lambda _{1}}\mathbb{T}+(u\cdot \nabla )\mathbb{T}-\varepsilon \Delta \mathbb{T}=\frac{\kappa A_{0}}{ 2\lambda _{1}}\eta \mathbb{I}d+F(\mathbb{T},u)\), \(\partial _{t}u+u\cdot \nabla u-\mu \Delta u-(\lambda +\mu )\nabla \operatorname{div}u+\nabla a=\operatorname{div}\mathbb{T} -\kappa L\nabla \eta +G(a,u,\eta ,\mathbb{T})\), with \(F(\mathbb{T} ,u)=(\nabla u\mathbb{T}+\mathbb{T}\nabla u)-\mathbb{T}\operatorname{div}u\) and \(G(a,u,\eta , \mathbb{T})=k(a)\nabla a-I(a)(\mu u+(\lambda +\mu )\nabla \operatorname{div}u)-I(a)(\operatorname{div}\mathbb{T}-\nabla \eta )-\zeta (1-I(a))\eta \nabla \eta \); posed in \(\mathbb{R}^{+}\times \mathbb{R}^{n}\), \(n=2,3\). Here \(a=1-\rho \), \(\rho = \rho (t,x)\in \mathbb{R}^{+}\) is the density function of the fluid, \(u=u(t,x)\in \mathbb{R}^{n}\) is the velocity. \(\mathbb{T}=(\mathbb{T}_{i,j}(t,x))\), \( 1\leq i,j\leq n\), is a symmetric matrix function representing the extra stress tensor, \(\eta =\eta (t,x)\in \mathbb{R}^{+}\) represents the polymer number density defined as the integral of a probability density function \( \psi \) which is governed by the Fokker-Plank equation, with respect to the conformation vector, \(\mu >0\) and \(\lambda \) are the viscosity constants which are supposed to satisfy \(n\lambda +2\mu \geq 0\), the parameters \( \kappa \), \(\varepsilon \), \(A_{0}\), \(\lambda _{1}\) are positive numbers, whereas \(\zeta \geq 0\) and \(L\geq 0\) with \(\zeta +L\neq 0\). Initial conditions are added to \((a,u,\eta ,\mathbb{T})\). The authors first prove a local existence result for this problem, assuming \(1<p<2n\) and that for any initial data \(u_{0}\in \overset{.}{B}_{p,1}^{n/p-1}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\), \((\eta _{0},\mathbb{T}_{0})\in \overset{.}{B}_{p,1}^{n/p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) and \( a_{0}\in \overset{.}{B}_{p,1}^{n/p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) with \(1+a_{0}\) bounded away from zero.\ There exists \(T>0\) such that the above problem has a unique solution with \begin{align*} & a\in C_{b}([0,T];\overset{.}{B}_{p,1}^{n/p}),\; u\in C_{b}([0,T];\overset{.}{B}_{p,1}^{n/p-1})\cap L^{1}([0,T];\overset{.}{B} _{p,1}^{n/p+1}), \\ & (\eta ,\mathbb{T})\in C_{b}([0,T];\overset{.}{B} _{p,1}^{n/p})\cap L^{1}([0,T];\overset{.}{B}_{p,1}^{n/p+2}), \; \mathbb{T}\in L^{1}([0,T];\overset{.}{B}_{p,1}^{n/p}). \end{align*} The authors then prove a global existence result to this problem, assuming further hypotheses on \(p\) and on the initial data. The last main result of the problem proves optimal decay estimates on this global solution with respect to time. The authors observe that the equations of the polymer number density \(\eta \) and the extra stress tensor \(\mathbb{T}\) are two heat-flow type, and that, when the polymer number density \(\eta \) and the extra stress tensor \(\mathbb{T}\) vanish, the above problem reduces to the barotropic Navier-Stokes equations. They thus refer to previous results of the literature for the local existence result. For the proof of the second main result, the authors use a continuity argument, establishing a priori bounds considering the low frequency and the high frequency parts of the solution. For the decay estimates, the authors establish a Lyapunov-type inequality in time for energy norms.