Behavior of Welschinger invariants under Morse simplifications (Q2438314)

The main result of this note is a formula, which relates Welschinger invariants of a real rational symplectic manifold \(X\) to count of real rational \(J\)-holomorphic curves on \(X\), where \(J\) is a tame conjugation-invariant almost complex structure admitting a single smooth rational \((-2)\)-curve. The resulting formula can be viewed as a real version of an analogous formula for genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants (\textit{D. Abramovich} and \textit{A. Bertram} [Contemp. Math. 276, 83--88 (2001; Zbl 1044.14030)] and \textit{R. Vakil} [Manuscr. Math. 102, No. 1, 53--84 (2000; Zbl 0967.14036)] for Fano manifolds, \textit{E.-N. Ionel} and \textit{T. H. Parker} [Ann. Math. (2) 159, No. 3, 935--1025 (2004; Zbl 1075.53092)] in general case). As application the authors establish the following vanishing result: Welschinger invariants of a real rational symplectic manifold \(X\) with a disconnected real point set vanish for all conjugation-invariant classes \(d\in H_2(X,{\mathbb Z})\) such that \(c_1(X)d\geq3\) when the number of real point constraints is at least \(2\). Several numerical examples illustrate the general theorem. No proofs are given.