Squares in Lucas sequenceshaving an even first parameter

DOI10.4064/CM-78-1-29-34MaRDI QIDQ4236804zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Paulo Ribenboim, Wayne L. McDaniel

Publication date 28 March 1999

Published in Colloquium Mathematicum (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/210602

zbMATH Keywords

Lucas sequencesperfect squaresrecursive sequences

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fibonacci and Lucas numbers and polynomials and generalizations (11B39)

Review text

Let \(P\) and \(Q\) be non-zero relatively prime integers and let \(U_n\) be a sequence of integers defined by \(U_n= PU_{n-1}- QU_{n-2}\) with \(U_0=0\), \(U_1=1\). The following main theorem is proved in the paper. ``Let \(n>0\). If \(P\) is even, \(Q\equiv 1\pmod 4\) and \(U_n\) is a perfect square, then \(n\) is a square or twice an odd square and all prime factors of \(n\) divide \(P^2- 4Q\) if \(p^t>2\) is a prime divisor of \(n\) and \(1\leq u\leq t\), then \(U_{p^u}\) is a square if \(u\) is even and \(U_{p^u}\) is of the form \(pq^2\) if \(u\) is odd. If \(n\) is even, then \(U_n\) is a square only if, in addition, \(P\) is a square or twice a square. Some other similar results are also proved.

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Cited in

(13)

• On the Lucas sequence equations V_n=7\, and V_n=7V_m\,
• Lucas sequences whose 12th or 9th term is a square
• The square terms in Lucas sequences
• Multiply perfect numbers in Lucas sequences with odd parameters
• The square terms in generalized Lucas sequence with parameters P and Q
• The terms of the form \(7kx^{2}\) in the generalized Lucas sequence with parameters \(P\) and \(Q\)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4173064 (Why is no real title available?)
• Lucas sequences whose nth term is a square or an almost square
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1045932 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 221080 (Why is no real title available?)
• Sequences associated to elliptic curves with non-cyclic torsion subgroup
• Pythagorean triples containing generalized Lucas numbers
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