Stability of a functional equation for generalized polynomials

Polynomials in number theory (11C08) Functional equations for real functions (39B22) Stability, separation, extension, and related topics for functional equations (39B82)

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Let \(V\) and \(W\) be vector spaces over fields \(K\) and \(L\), respectively, and let \(a_i,b_j\in L\), \(\rho_i,\sigma_j\in K\), \(\rho_i\neq 0\), \(1\leq i\leq n\), \(1\leq j\leq l\). It is known that solutions \(f: V\to W\) of the functional equation \[ f(x)+\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_if(x+\rho_iy)+\sum_{j=1}^{l}b_jf(\sigma_jy)=0\tag{1} \] are generalized polynomials. In the case that \(V\) is a normed space over rationals and \(W\) is a Banach space, the authors consider the class of approximate solutions of (1) which is defined by the inequality \[ \|f(x)+\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_if(x+\rho_iy)+\sum_{j=1}^{l}b_jf(\sigma_jy)\|\leq\varphi(x,y)\tag{2} \] and they consider stability problems for the Equation (1). They show that \(f\) satisfying (2) is in some sense close to a generalized polynomial which is a solution of (1). Let us quote one particular result from the paper. Let \(c\geq 0\), \(p\in (0,1)\), \(\varepsilon>0\). If \(f: V\to W\) satisfies \[ \|f(x)+\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_if(x+\rho_iy)+\sum_{j=1}^{l}b_jf(\sigma_jy)\|\leq c(\|x\|^p+\|y\|^p),\qquad x,y\in V, \] then there exists a unique solution \(P\) of (1) (a polynomial of degree at most \(n\)) such that \[ \|f(x)-P(x)\|\leq \varepsilon'\|x\|^p,\qquad x\in V, \] where \[ \varepsilon'=\varepsilon 4^{n+1}\prod_{i=1}^{n}\frac{2^i-1}{2^i-2^p}. \]

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