Stacked Josephson junctions

This paper is devoted to dynamic properties of fluxons (solitons) in long Josephson junctions (JJ's) including the description of some high-temperature superconductivity phenomena. First, the author summarizes the most important properties of fluxons in long JJ's, in particular, the description of fluxon propagation in long quasi-one-dimensional JJ's by using the perturbed sine-Gordon equation. Then, a system, consisting of \(N\) alternating superconducting and isolating layers in the overlap geometry is considered. The equations for this stacked junction system are obtained from a generalization of the Josephson junction equations, using the London and Maxwell equations. A simplified version of the stacked junction equations allows to define the effective magnetic thickness, coupling between layers, and also to introduce the capacitive, resistive and Josephson currents between adjacent superconducting layers, and, finally to define the total current. Then, the author illustrates some of the consequences of the general equations, which have solutions, in which fluxons in different layers move coherently. In particular, he considers the case of three superconducting layers with the bias current of the overlapping geometry. For this system, the equation of motion, the penetration depth and the velocity of light are obtained. Besides the coherent modes of the \(N=3\) superconducting layer system, the examples of other, than the coherent modes are demonstrated. The numerical simulations, corresponding to the two fluxon coherent state, show, that the behavior resembles qualitatively the system of two solitons in one junction with surface losses. Then, the stacked junction plasma oscillation (which may be described as an inductance-and-capacitance resonance between the Josephson inductance and the capacitance in the microwave frequency range) is considered, using the Kirchhoff's law for the JJ equivalent circuit. For the stacked junction system, a small rf bias current is considered in addition to the bias current, assuming a space dependent rf current. For the phase differences between the adjacent superconducting layers, the equations for the terms at zero frequency and the terms at the angular frequency are obtained. In the case with no applied rf current, the plasma dispersion relation is explicitly given for each mode. In the presence of an rf bias current, plasma resonance appear on some selected modes of the dispersion curves. Finally, it is shown, that for the case of \(N\) stacks the highest phase velocity mode always corresponds to all junctions, oscillating in phase as the plasma resonance. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0934.00006].

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