Studying algorithmic problems for free semi-groups and groups

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The author studies algorithmic solvability of equations of the form \(w(x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n)=g\) in free semigroups and groups and proves a number of interesting results. The author also studies Diophantine sets and solvability of equations under restrictions to subgroups. Let \(m\) be an integer and let \(m\geq 2\). Denote by \(\Pi_m\) and by \(F_m\) the free semigroup and group, respectively, generated by \(a_1,a_2,\dots,a_m\). We quote here only Theorem 1: The positive \(\forall\exists^3\)-theory of the free semigroup \(\Pi_m\) is algorithmically unsolvable. Theorem 2: The solvability problem for equations of the form \(w(x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n)=g\) in \(\Pi_2\) is NP-complete. Theorem 3: The solvability problem for equations with one coefficient in \(F_2\) is NP-difficult. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0865.00035].











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