Subgroups of direct products of limit groups.

DOI10.4007/ANNALS.2009.170.1447MaRDI QIDQ972568zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Martin R. Bridson, James Howie, Charles F. III Miller, Hamish Short

Publication date 20 May 2010

Published in Annals of Mathematics. Second Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0704.3935, http://annals.math.princeton.edu/annals/2009/170-3/p11.xhtml

zbMATH Keywords

Cayley graphsfinitely generated groupsfully residually free groupshomology of groupslimit groupsresidually free groupssubdirect productssubgroups of finite index

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Subgroup theorems; subgroup growth (20E07) Groups acting on trees (20E08) Residual properties and generalizations; residually finite groups (20E26) Generators, relations, and presentations of groups (20F05) Geometric group theory (20F65) Hyperbolic groups and nonpositively curved groups (20F67) Homological methods in group theory (20J05)

Abstract: If $G_1,\mathrm{...},G_n$ are limit groups and $Ssubset{G}_{1}imes\mathrm{...}imes{G}_n$ is of type $F{P}_n(mathbbQ)$ then $S$ contains a subgroup of finite index that is itself a direct product of at most $n$ limit groups. This settles a question of Sela.

Review text

Limit groups can be described in geometric terms as those finitely generated groups that have a Cayley graph in which each ball of finite radius is isometric to a ball of the same radius in some Cayley graph of a free group of fixed rank. They can also be described in algebraic terms, as the finitely generated groups \(L\) that are `fully residually free', meaning that for any finite subset \(T\subset L\) there exists a homomorphism from \(L\) to a free group that is injective on \(T\). These groups were extensively studied by Kharlampovich and Myasnikov. The main result of the paper under review is that if \(\Gamma_1,\dots,\Gamma_n\) are limit groups and \(S\subset\Gamma_1\times\cdots\times\Gamma_n\) is a subgroup of type \(\mathrm{FP}_n(\mathbb{Q})\), then \(S\) contains a subgroup of finite index that is itself a direct product of at most \(n\) limit groups. This answers a question by Sela. Combining this result with other known results, the authors deduce the fact that every residually free group of type \(\mathrm{FP}_\infty(\mathbb{Q})\) is virtually a direct product of a finite number of limit groups.

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