Synchronization of oscillators coupled through an environment

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSD.2008.04.015MaRDI QIDQ1000719zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 10 February 2009

Published in Physica D (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3734

biological rhythms coupled oscillators periodic solutions synchronization

Nonlinear oscillations and coupled oscillators for ordinary differential equations (34C15) Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Synchronization of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D06)

Abstract: We study synchronization of oscillators that are indirectly coupled through their interaction with an environment. We give criteria for the stability or instability of a synchronized oscillation. Using these criteria we investigate synchronization of systems of oscillators which are weakly coupled, in the sense that the influence of the oscillators on the environment is weak. We prove that arbitrarily weak coupling will synchronize the oscillators, provided that this coupling is of the 'right' sign. We illustrate our general results by applications to a model of coupled GnRH neuron oscillators proposed by Khadra and Li, and to indirectly weakly-coupled lambda-omega oscillators

Review text

The author considers synchronized solutions in a system of \(n\) identical oscillators \(x_k\in\mathbb{R}^d\) coupled through an additional vector of environment \(y\in\mathbb{R}^p\) as follows \[ \dot{x}_k(t)=f(x_k(t),y(t)),\quad k=1,\dots,n,\qquad \dot{y}(t)=g(y(t))+\frac{\beta}{n}\sum_{j=1}^n h(x_j(t),y(t)), \tag \(*\) \] where \(f\), \(g\) and \(h\) are smooth functions. By a synchronized solution of the system \((*)\) one means a solution periodic with period \(T>0\) \[ x_k(t+T)=x_k(t),\quad k=1,\dots,n,\qquad y(t+T)=y(t) \] such that all the \(x_k\) are identical \[ x_1(t)=x_2(t)=\dots=x_n(t). \] Following the traditional scheme of linear stability analysis and exploiting the symmetry of the system with respect to permutation of the oscillators, a criterion for stability of the synchronized solution is established. Besides, the author obtains sufficient conditions for the existence and stability/instability of a synchronized solution to system \((*)\) with weak coupling to environment (i.e. small \(|\beta|\)), in the case when the equation \(\dot{y}=g(y)\) has a stable steady state \(\bar{y}\), and the equation \(\dot{x}=f(x,\bar{y})\) has a non-degenerate periodic solution. The results are illustrated by their applications to a model of coupled neuron oscillators, and to indirectly weakly coupled \(\lambda-\omega\) oscillators.

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