The Radon transform between monogenic and generalized slice monogenic functions

DOI10.1007/S00208-015-1182-3MaRDI QIDQ889935zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Fabrizio Colombo, Irene Sabadini, Vladimír Souček, Roman Lávička

Publication date 9 November 2015

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.5019

zbMATH Keywords

Radon transform slice monogenic functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Functions of hypercomplex variables and generalized variables (30G35)

Abstract: In [J. Bures, R. Lavicka, V. Soucek, Elements of quaternionic analysis and Radon transform, Textos de Matematica 42, Departamento de Matematica, Universidade de Coimbra, 2009], the authors describe a link between holomorphic functions depending on a parameter and monogenic functions defined on R^(n+1) using the Radon and dual Radon transforms. The main aim of this paper is to further develop this approach. In fact, the Radon transform for functions with values in the Clifford algebra R_n is mapping solutions of the generalized Cauchy-Riemann equation, i.e., monogenic functions, to a parametric family of holomorphic functions with values in R_n and, analogously, the dual Radon transform is mapping parametric families of holomorphic functions as above to monogenic functions. The parametric families of holomorphic functions considered in the paper can be viewed as a generalization of the so-called slice monogenic functions. An important part of the problem solved in the paper is to find a suitable definition of the function spaces serving as the domain and the target of both integral transforms.

Review text

Using the Radon and dual Radon transforms, two theorems make explicit a connection between holomorphic functions depending on a parameter and monogenic functions defined on \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\). The development of this link, which was suggested initially by \textit{J. Bureš} et al. [Elements of quaternionic analysis and Radon transform. Coimbra: Universidade de Coimbra, Departamento de Matemática (2009; Zbl 1190.30002)], requires the definition of suitable function spaces. Denote by \(\mathbb{R}_n\) the real Clifford algebra over \(n\) imaginary units \(e_ie_j+ e_je_i= -2\delta_{ij}\). The element \((x_1, x_2,\dots, x_n)\in\mathbb{R}^n\) is identified with the 1-vector in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) by \((e_1,x_2,\dots,x_n)\to\underline x= x_1e_1+\cdots+ x_ne_n\). \(S^{n-1}= \{\underline w= e_1w_1+\cdots + e_nw_n\mid w^2_1+\cdots +w^2_n= 1\}\). For an open set \({\mathcal U}\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\) a real differentiable function \(f:{\mathcal U}\to \mathbb{R}^n\) is called monogenic if \({\mathcal D}f= 0\), where \({\mathcal D}=\partial_{x_0} \sum^n_{j=1} e_j\partial_{x_j}\). Denote by \({\mathcal M}\) the right \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module of monogenic functions on \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\setminus\{0\}\) and by \({\mathcal M}_0\) the submodule of functions in \({\mathcal M}\) which extend analytically to \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\). Denote by \(\mathbb{C}_{\underline w}\) the subspace \(\mathbb{R}+\underline w\mathbb{R}\) of \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\) passing through 1 and \(\underline w\in S^{n-1}\). Then for an open set \(U\subseteq\mathbb{R}^2\) a smooth function \(f:{\mathcal U}\times S^{n-1}\to\mathbb{R}_n\) is termed ``slice monogenic if it satisfies \(\partial_{\overline w}f(x_0,p,\underline w)= 0\) for any \(\underline w\in S^{n-1}\), where \(\partial_{\overline w}={1\over 2}(\partial_{x_0}+\underline w\partial_p)\) operates on the plane \(\mathbb{C}_{\overline w}\). Denote by \({\mathcal S}\) the right \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module of even slice monogenic functions on \((\mathbb{R}^2\setminus\{0\})\times S^{n-1}\) and by \({\mathcal S}_0\) the submodule of \({\mathcal S}\) which extends analytically to \(\mathbb{R}^2\times S^{n-1}\). Theorem A states that the dual Radon transform is a linear map of the \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module \({\mathcal S}_0\) onto \({\mathcal M}_0\). Theorem B states that the Radon transform is an injective linear map of the \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module \({\mathcal M}_\infty\) onto \({\mathcal S}_\infty\), where \({\mathcal M}_\infty\) is the right-submodule of functions in \({\mathcal M}\) which extend analytically at \(\infty\) and \({\mathcal S}_\infty\) is the submodule of functions in \({\mathcal S}\) which extend analytically at \(\infty\). The authors observe that their approach enables a description of relations between slice monogenic functions and monogenic functions which is independent of the parity of dimension \(n\). The paper is very readable and well organized with one whole section providing a collection of properties of monogenic and slice monogenic functions preceding the proofs of the main results. A somewhat lengthy, though worthwhile, introduction sets the context for the results.

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