The Schottky Problem for Hyperelliptic Real Curves

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The real version of the theorem of Torelli, proven by \textit{B. H. Gross} and \textit{J. Harris} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér., IV. Sér. 14, 157--182 (1981; Zbl 0533.14011)] and \textit{R. Silhol} [Math. Z. 181, 345--364 (1982; Zbl 0492.14015)], says that the canonical map \(\tau_{\mathbb{R}}:{\mathcal M}^{\mathbb{R}}_g\to{\mathcal A}^{\mathbb{R}}_g\) from the moduli space of real smooth projective curves of genus \(g\) to the moduli space of real principally polarized abelian varieties of dimension \(g\) is injective for \(g\geq 2\). The real Schottky problem is an analogue of the usual Schottky problem and consists in the question to describe the image of this map. It was shown by \textit{A. Comessatti} [Annali di Mat (4) 2, 67--106 (1924; JFM 50.0641.51); ibid., 3, 27--71 (1925; JFM 51.0294.02)] that for \(g= 2\) the map is not surjective but the image is dense. For \(g\geq 3\) the image is not dense, but no characterization for it is known. The present paper gives a description of the image of \(\tau_{\mathbb{R}}\) of the hyperelliptic real curves for all \(g\geq 2\). In particular this yields a characterization of \(\text{Im\,}\tau_{\mathbb{R}}\) for \(g= 2\).











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