The category of groupoid graded modules

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A groupoid is a small category in which every morphism is an isomorphism; a group can be considered as a groupoid with one object. The author introduces groupoid graded rings and modules. A groupoid graded ring is a ring \(R\) with a family of additive subgroups \(R_\sigma\) indexed by the morphisms \(\sigma\) in the groupoid, such that \(R\) is the direct sum of the \(R_\sigma\) and \(R_\sigma R_\tau=R_{\sigma\tau}\) if the composition \(\sigma\tau\) is defined in the groupoid, and \(0\) otherwise. Some classical results in group graded ring theory are then generalized to the groupoid case. For example, the category of graded modules over a groupoid graded ring is a Grothendieck category. A graded module is finitely generated and projective in the category of graded modules if and only if it is finitely generated and projective in the category of modules; similar properties hold for essential submodules, flat modules and pure modules. Groupoid algebras are examples of groupoid graded rings; they are also weak Hopf algebras. Comodule algebras over weak Hopf algebras were introduced by \textit{G. Böhm} [Commun. Algebra 28, No. 10, 4687-4698 (2000; Zbl 0965.16024)]. The reviewer and \textit{E. De Groot} [Galois theory for weak Hopf algebras, preprint math.RA/0406186] recently showed that comodule algebras over groupoid algebras are equivalent to groupoid graded algebras, and introduced strongly groupoid graded algebras.











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