The duality of the generalized Calogero and Ruijsenaars problems
The author considers the Calogero-Moser-Sutherland quantum problem. The corresponding Schrödinger operator in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) has the form \[ {\mathcal H}= -\Delta+ \sum_{i< j} {1\over 2} m(m+ 1)\omega^2\text{sinh}^{-2}{\omega\over 2}(x_i- x_j),\tag{1} \] where \(\Delta\) is the Laplace operator in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), and \(m\) and \(\omega\) are arbitrary parameters. If \(m\) is a natural number, the operator (1) has an eigenfunction \(\psi(k,x)\) (\(k\in\mathbb{R}^n\) is a spectral parameter) of the form \(\psi= P(k,x)\exp(k_1x_1+\cdots+ k_nx_n)\), where \(P\) is a polynomial in \(k\). Theorem. The multidimensional Baker-Akhiezer function \(\psi(k,x)\) is under additional conditions an eigenfunction for the rational Ruijsenaars operators \(D_1,\dots, D_n\). Here \(D_i\psi= \lambda_i(x)\psi\), where \(\lambda_i(x)\) is the \(i\)th elementary symmetric function of \(e^{\omega x_1},\dots, e^{\omega x_n}\).
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