The embedding dimension of Laplacian eigenfunction maps

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Abstract: Any closed, connected Riemannian manifold M can be smoothly embedded by its Laplacian eigenfunction maps into mathbbRm for some m. We call the smallest such m the maximal embedding dimension of M. We show that the maximal embedding dimension of M is bounded from above by a constant depending only on the dimension of M, a lower bound for injectivity radius, a lower bound for Ricci curvature, and a volume bound. We interpret this result for the case of surfaces isometrically immersed in mathbbR3, showing that the maximal embedding dimension only depends on bounds for the Gaussian curvature, mean curvature, and surface area. Furthermore, we consider the relevance of these results for shape registration.


For a compact Riemannian manifold \((M,g)\) with \(\{\lambda_j\}_{j \in \mathbb N}\), \(0 = \lambda_0 < \lambda_1 \leqslant \lambda_2 \leqslant \ldots \uparrow \infty\) being the spectrum of its Laplacian \(\Delta_g\) define an eigenfunction map \[ \Phi^m : M \to \mathbb R^m,\quad x \mapsto \{\varphi_j(x)\}_{1 \leqslant j \leqslant m}, \] where \(\{\varphi_j\}_{j \in \mathbb N}\) is an orthonormal basis in \(L^2(M)\) of the eigenfunctions of \(\Delta_g\), that is \(\Delta_g \varphi_j = \lambda_j \varphi_j\). The smallest number \(m\) for which \(\Phi^m\) is an embedding for every choice of the basis \(\{\varphi_j\}_{j \in \mathbb N}\) is called the maximal embedding dimension of \(M\). In the paper the author proves that for a class of closed connected \(n\)-dimensional Riemannian manifolds of unit volume, bounded from below Ricci curvature \(Ric \geqslant -(n-1)\kappa_0 g\), \(\kappa_0 \geqslant 0\), and bounded from below injectivity radius there exist a uniform maximal embedding dimension. Moreover, the same existence results if proved for two-dimensional closed surfaces with bounded Gaussian curvature \(|K| \leqslant \kappa_0\), bounded mean curvature \(|H| \leqslant H_0\), and bounded volume. Furthermore, the author describes how eigenfunction maps can be used for shape recognition problems, and explicitly compute the maximal embedding dimensions for the \(n\)-dimensional sphere and torus.



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