The image size of iterated rational maps over finite fields

DOI10.1093/IMRN/RNZ217MaRDI QIDQ5006230zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jamie Juul

Publication date 13 August 2021

Published in IMRN. International Mathematics Research Notices (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.07458

zbMATH Keywords

Chebotarev density theoremfinite fieldGalois groupiterated mapspreperiodic pointsrational map

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Density theorems (11R45) Galois theory (11S20) Rational and birational maps (14E05) Arithmetic and non-Archimedean dynamical systems involving polynomial and rational maps (37P05) Dynamical systems over global ground fields (37P15)

Abstract: Let $varphi:mathbb{P}^1(mathbb{F}_q)omathbb{P}^1(mathbb{F}_q)$ be a rational map of degree $d>1$ on a fixed finite field. We give asymptotic formulas for the size of image sets $varph{i}^n(mathbb{P}^1(mathbb{F}_q))$ as a function of $n$. This is done using properties of Galois groups of iterated maps, whose connection to the size of image sets is established via the Chebotarev Density Theorem. We apply our results in the following setting. For a rational map defined over a number field, consider the reduction of the map modulo each prime of the number field. We use our results to give explicit bounds on the proportion of periodic points in the residue fields.

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