The least-squares finite element method

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The book deals with the least-squares finite element method (LSFEM), which is a simple and efficient method for numerical solution of partial differential equations. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the LSFEM, including its theory and applications. This book shows that LSFEM can solve problems in fluid dynamics and electromagnetics with only one mathematical/computational formulation. The book contains five parts. Part I gives some basic ideas about the lest-squares method. Part II provides the mathematical foundation and general formulation of the LSFEM and deals with the div-curl system (which is very useful in studying the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in fluid dynamics and the Maxwell equations in electromagnetics) together with the diffusion problems. Part III covers diverse applications such as incompressible viscous flows, rotational inviscid flows, two-fluid flows, convective flows and scattering waves. Part IV deals with applying the LSFEM in electromagnetics problems (Maxwell equations). Part V studies some iterative methods which solve equations arising from LSFEM. The theoretical basis of the general least-squares method is the theorem of boundedness of inverse linear operators. This book establishes an almost self-sufficient and reasonably rigorous mathematical framework for the least-squares method, while the mathematics has been kept as simple as possible. In this book we found the least-squares idea from the beginning to the end, from constructing the formulation to solving the resulting discretized equations.




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