The multiple conical surfaces
A multiple conical surface in three-dimensional projective space \({\mathbb{P}}^3\) is a surface which bears at least two one-parametric families of conic sections. Using tools from algebraic geometry the author proves that any multiple conical surface is rational. He also shows that the plane section of such a surface is of genus zero or one. This gives the basis to a classification of \textit{all} multiple conical surfaces \(S\): Type 1: If the generic plane section of \(S\) is of genus zero, then \(S\) is either a quadric or a cubic surface whose linear normalization is a ruled surface in \({\mathbb{P}}^4\) or a quartic surface whose linear normalization is the Veronese surface in \({\mathbb{P}}^5\). Type 2: If the generic plane section of \(S\) has genus one then the linear normalization \(\overline{S}\) of \(S\) is a del Pezzo surface (i.e. a linearly normal rational surface of degree \(d\) in \({\mathbb{P}}^d\)). Since any del Pezzo surface is of degree \(d\) with \(3 \leq d \leq 9\) and moreover a del Pezzo surface of degree \(9\) does not bear any pencil of conics one obtains that \(S\) must have degree less or equal to 8. The author lists all possible multiple conical surfaces of type 2 using case distinction on the degree \(3\leq d \leq 8\).
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