The number of Goldbach representations of an integer

DOI10.1090/S0002-9939-2011-10957-2MaRDI QIDQ2880639zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alessandro Zaccagnini, Alessandro Languasco

Publication date 13 April 2012

Published in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.3198

zbMATH Keywords

Goldbach-type theoremsHardy-Littlewood method

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Goldbach-type theorems; other additive questions involving primes (11P32) Applications of the Hardy-Littlewood method (11P55)

Abstract: We prove the following result: Let $Ngeq2$ and assume the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) holds. Then [ sum_{n=1}^{N} R(n) =frac{N^{2}}{2} -2 sum_{ ho} frac{N^{ ho + 1}}{ ho ( ho + 1)} + O(N log^{3}N), ] where $ho=1/2+igamma$ runs over the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function $zeta(s)$.

Review text

Let the weighted number of representations, of the integer \(n\geq 1\) as a sum of two primes, be \(G(n)\) defined as NEWLINE\[NEWLINE G(n):=\sum_{k_1+k_2=n}\Lambda(k_1)\Lambda(k_2) NEWLINE\]NEWLINE with the familiar von Mangoldt function, compare my review [\textit{G. Bhowmik} and \textit{J. Schlage-Puchta}, Nagoya Math. J. 200, 27--33 (2010; Zbl 1217.11089)], to which the notations are consistent (in the present paper it is called \(R(n)\) instead).NEWLINENEWLINEThe authors give conditional results under the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) of the following kind: defining NEWLINE\[NEWLINE H(N):=-2\sum_{\rho}{{N^{1+\rho}}\over {\rho(1+\rho)}} \qquad \forall N\geq 2 NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where the sum is over all non-trivial (i.e., \(\text{Re}\,\rho>0\)) zeros \(\rho\) of the Riemann \(\zeta\)-function and \(E(N)\) inside NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \sum_{n\leq N}G(n)=N^2/2+H(N)+E(N), \leqno{(*)} NEWLINE\]NEWLINE writing (RH) to mean: assuming Riemann Hypothesis (i.e., all \(\rho\), see above, have real part \(1/2\)), NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \text{(RH)} \enspace \Rightarrow \enspace E(N)=O(N\log^{3} N). NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The authors improve previous bounds of Bhowmik and Schlage-Puchta for \((*)\) error term (see the quoted review, for details).NEWLINENEWLINEThey feed the circle method with smoothed exponential sums over primes, of the kind introduced by Yu. V. Linnik, applying a previous result of Languasco and Perelli. This, in turn, rests on a conditional estimate, under (RH), due to Selberg (yes, the 1943 milestone). Apart from this technical smoothing (from which it steams their gain over log-powers), such bound for the ``Selberg integral, of the primes, is the core of the arithmetic information needed; this, even if they don't use Gallagher's Lemma, that gives upper bounds for exponential sums (needed in the circle method) in terms of the Selberg integral, hidden in the RHS!NEWLINENEWLINEThey also give, under RH, other results, like a more general formula for \(G(n)\) sum in short intervals.

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Cited in

(23)

• Oscillations in the Goldbach conjecture
• A Cesàro average for an additive problem with an arbitrary number of prime powers and squares
• Asymptotics of Goldbach representations
• A note on an average additive problem with prime numbers
• Tauberian oscillation theorems and the distribution of Goldbach numbers
• A mean value of the representation function for the sum of two primes in arithmetic progressions
• Mean representation number of integers as the sum of primes
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5149026 (Why is no real title available?)
• Sums of many primes
• An \(M\)-function associated with Goldbach's problem
• Cesàro averages for Goldbach representations with summands in arithmetic progressions
• A Cesàro average for an additive problem with prime powers
• Explicit formulae for averages of Goldbach representations
• The binary Goldbach problem with arithmetic weights attached to one of the variables
• Cesàro average in short intervals for Goldbach numbers
• ON AN AVERAGE GOLDBACH REPRESENTATION FORMULA OF FUJII
• On a smoothed average of the number of Goldbach representations
• An effective Bombieri-Vinogradov theorem and its applications
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• M-functions and screw functions: applications to Goldbach's problem and zeros of the Riemann zeta-function
• Goldbach representations with several primes
• The average number of Goldbach representations and zero-free regions of the Riemann zeta function
• On the number of representations in the Waring-Goldbach problem with a prime variable in an arithmetic progression

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