The orientability problem in open Gromov-Witten theory

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Abstract: We give an explicit formula for the holonomy of the orientation bundle of a family of real Cauchy-Riemann operators. A special case of this formula resolves the orientability question for spaces of maps from Riemann surfaces with Lagrangian boundary condition. As a corollary, we show that the local system of orientations on the moduli space of J-holomorphic maps from a bordered Riemann surface to a symplectic manifold is isomorphic to the pull-back of a local system defined on the product of the Lagrangian and its free loop space. As another corollary, we show that certain natural bundles over these moduli spaces have the same local systems of orientations as the moduli spaces themselves (this is a prerequisite for integrating the Euler classes of these bundles). We will apply these conclusions in future papers to construct and compute open Gromov-Witten invariants in a number of settings.


On a smooth oriented surface \(\Sigma\) with boundary \(\partial\Sigma\), the author considers a diffeomorphism \(\phi\), preserving the orientation of \(\Sigma\) and the components of \(\partial\Sigma\), and a bundle pair \((E,F)\) over the mapping torus of \(\phi\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1.1 furnishes an expression for the holonomy of the determinant line bundle of a family \(D\) of real Cauchy-Riemann operators on \((E,F)\). The decomposition obtained here, involving Stiefel-Whitney classes, is more geometrical than that of [\textit{P. Seidel}, Fukaya categories and Picard-Lefschetz theory. Zürich: European Mathematical Society (2008; Zbl 1159.53001)], and its context is more general. As special cases, the author obtains some particular orientability results.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEA Lagrangian submanifold of a symplectic manifold \((M,\omega)\) is denoted by \(L\), and its free loop space by \(\mathcal{L}(L)\). In Corollary 1.6, the author presents some sufficient conditions for the orientability of the moduli space of \(J\)-holomorphic maps from \((\Sigma,\partial\Sigma)\) to \((M,L)\).NEWLINENEWLINEOn the \(h\)-fold product \((L\times\mathcal{L}(L))^h\), a local system \(\mathcal{Z}^F_{(w_1,w_2)}\) is constructed.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1.7 states that the pullback of \(\mathcal{Z}^F_{(w_1,w_2)}\) is isomorphic to the local system of orientations of the determinant bundle of \(D_{(E,F)}\). As a consequence, it follows that the local systems of orientations of the aforementioned moduli spaces coincide with those of some natural bundles over them.











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