The practical computation of areas associated with binary quartic forms
binary quartic formscomputation of areascomputational geometryelliptic integralhypergeometric functionThue inequality
Forms of degree higher than two (11E76) Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05) Elliptic functions and integrals (33E05) Inequalities and extremum problems in real or complex geometry (51M16) Length, area and volume in real or complex geometry (51M25) Numerical aspects of computer graphics, image analysis, and computational geometry (65D18)
Let \(F(X,Y)\in C[X,Y]\) be a binary form of degree \(n\) and non-zero discriminant \(D_F\). Denote by \(A_F\) the area of the region \(|F(x,y)|\leq 1\). When \(F\) has real coefficients and \(n=4\), the author proves explicit formulas, depending on the number \(k\) of pairs of complex-conjugate roots of \(F(x,1)= 0\) (hence \(k=0,1\) or 2) and expressing \(A_F\) in terms of \(D_F\) and functions \(J_k\) which are defined by means of the integral \[ I(x)= \int^1_0 {dz\over \sqrt{z(1- z)(1- xz)}},\quad x\in (0,1). \] He then goes on to discuss the advantages -- some of them of a computational nature -- of this specific representation of \(A_F\). The author studies also the quantity \(M_{n,k}= \max|D_F|^{1/n(n- 1)}A_F\), where the maximum is taken over all binary forms \(F\) of degree \(n\) with complex coefficients, non-zero discriminant, and with the property that the polynomial \(F(x,1)\) has exactly \(k\) pairs of complex conjugate roots. He obtains a number of interesting results concerning \(M_{n,k}\) while, in the final section of the paper, he gives numerical values of \(M_{4,k}\).
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- Thue's equation and a conjecture of Siegel
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