The shuffle relation of fractions from multiple zeta values

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Abstract: Partial fraction methods play an important role in the study of multiple zeta values. One class of such fractions is related to the integral representations of MZVs. We show that this class of fractions has a natural structure of shuffle algebra. This finding conceptualizes the connections among the various methods of stuffle, shuffle and partial fractions in the study of MZVs. This approach also gives an explicit product formula of the fractions.


Multiple zeta values (MZVs) are special values of the multivariable complex functions \[ \zeta(s_1,\ldots,s_k)=\sum_{n_1>\ldots n_s>0}\frac{1}{n_1^{s_1}\ldots n_k^{s_k}} \] for positive integers \(s_i\), \(1 \leq i \leq k\), and \(s_1\geq 2\). If, for variables \(u_i\), \(n_i=u_i+\ldots+u_k\), \(1 \leq i \leq k\), the MZVs can be represented as rational fraction \[ \zeta(s_1,\ldots,s_k)=\sum_{u_1,\ldots,u_k \geq 1}\frac{1}{(u_1+\dots+u_k)^{s_1}(u_2+\dots+u_k)^{s_2}\ldots u_k^{s_k}}. \] The authors obtain an explicit product formula for any two MZV fractions using the general double shuffle framework, and show that such fractions have cannonical integral representations.











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