Three-dimensional loop quantum gravity: physical scalar product and spin-foam models

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/22/9/017MaRDI QIDQ4677877zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors K. Noui, A. Perez

Publication date 23 May 2005

Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0402110

zbMATH Keywords

quantization of gravitational field

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Path integrals in quantum mechanics (81S40) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Analogues of general relativity in lower dimensions (83C80)

Abstract: In this paper, we address the problem of the dynamics in three dimensional loop quantum gravity with zero cosmological constant. We construct a rigorous definition of Rovelli's generalized projection operator from the kinematical Hilbert space--corresponding to the quantization of the infinite dimensional kinematical configuration space of the theory--to the physical Hilbert space. In particular, we provide the definition of the physical scalar product which can be represented in terms of a sum over (finite) spin-foam amplitudes. Therefore, we establish a clear-cut connection between the canonical quantization of three dimensional gravity and spin-foam models. We emphasize two main properties of the result: first that no cut-off in the kinematical degrees of freedom of the theory is introduced (in contrast to standard `lattice' methods), and second that no ill-defined sum over spins (`bubble' divergences) are present in the spin foam representation.

Review text

Mathematical models of various kinds have always been immense help in elucidating much of the intrinsic features of nature. Appropriate models for understanding quantum gravity are being pursued at different levels. The paper under review addresses itself to discuss some problems of the dynamics in three-dimensional loop quantum gravity with zero cosmological constant. In the four sections of the paper the authors have dealt with, after a detailed introduction, the canonical three-dimensional gravity, dynamics and spin foams, ending with consequent conclusions and discussion. The paper contains as appendix on \(\text{SU}(2)\) Haar measure and useful identities, plus 39 references. A rigorous definition of Rovelli's generalized projection operator from kinematical Hilbert space is constructed and definition of the physical scalar product, which can be represented in terms of a sum over (finite) spin-foam amplitudes, is provided. Emphasis is placed on two main properties of the result: (i) no cut-off with kinematical degrees of freedom of the theory is introduced, in contrast to the standard lattice methods, (ii) no ill-defined sum over spins (``bubble divergences) are present in the spin-foam representations. It is claimed that the present work establishes a clear-cut connection between canonical formulation of loop quantum gravity in three dimensions and the previous covariant path integral definition of quantum theory.

Recommendations

• SPIN foams and canonical quantization
• The spin-foam approach to quantum gravity
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• SOME GENERAL PROBLEMS IN QUANTUM GRAVITY II: THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL CASE
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Cited in

(50)

• Conformal boundary conditions, loop gravity and the continuum
• Quantum gravity in three dimensions, Witten spinors and the quantisation of length
• The Fock space of loopy spin networks for quantum gravity
• Quasi-local holographic dualities in non-perturbative 3d quantum gravity. I: Convergence of multiple approaches and examples of Ponzano-Regge statistical duals
• Quantum gravity in \(2+1\) dimensions: the case of a closed universe
• Non-perturbative 3D quantum gravity: quantum boundary states and exact partition function
• The spin-foam approach to quantum gravity
• Relation between Regge calculus and BF theory on manifolds with defects
• Abelian 2+1D loop quantum gravity coupled to a scalar field
• Abelian Chern-Simons theory, Stokes theorem, and generalized connections
• Loop quantization of a 3D abelian \textit{BF} model with \(\sigma\)-model matter
• Regge gravity from spinfoams
• Spinor representation for loop quantum gravity
• A new Hamiltonian for the topological BF phase with spinor networks
• Duality between spin networks and the 2D Ising model
• Quantization of systems with temporally varying discretization. II: Local evolution moves
• Statistical entropy of a BTZ black hole from loop quantum gravity
• Horizon entropy with loop quantum gravity methods
• Loop-quantum-gravity vertex amplitude
• Quantization of systems with temporally varying discretization. I: Evolving Hilbert spaces
• Three-dimensional loop quantum gravity: coupling to point particles
• Spin-foam model for gravity coupled to massless scalar field
• Time evolution as refining, coarse graining and entangling
• Three-dimensional loop quantum gravity: Particles and the quantum double
• Equivalence of the self-dual and Nambu-Goto strings
• Observables in three-dimensional quantum gravity and topological invariants
• Canonical quantization of non-commutative holonomies in 2 + 1 loop quantum gravity
• Local spin foams
• Loop quantum gravity
• From the discrete to the continuous: towards a cylindrically consistent dynamics
• Quantum geometry from higher gauge theory
• The quantum gravity disk: discrete current algebra
• A special form of the path integral for the master constraint of loop quantum gravity
• 4-dimensional spin-foam model with quantum Lorentz group
• 3d quantum gravity: coarse-graining and \(q\)-deformation
• Chern-Simons theory, Stokes' theorem, and the Duflo map
• Analogue gravity
• The Einstein-Vlasov system/kinetic theory
• Loop quantum gravity
• Transition amplitudes in 3D quantum gravity: boundaries and holography in the coloured Boulatov model
• Keeping matter in the loop in \(\mathrm{dS}_3\) quantum gravity
• Cauchy slice holography: a new AdS/CFT dictionary
• Quantum gravity kinematics from extended TQFTs
• Combinatorial quantisation of the Euclidean torus universe
• Matter coupled to 3D quantum gravity: one-loop unitarity
• Exact evaluation of hexagonal spin-networks for topological quantum neural networks
• CFT/gravity correspondence on the isolated horizon
• Flipped spinfoam vertex and loop gravity
• LQG vertex with finite Immirzi parameter
• Spin foam quantization and anomalies

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