Toroidalization of generating sequences in dimension two function fields of positive characteristic
Let \(K^* /K\) be a finite separable extension of algebraic function fields of transcendence degree two over \(k\). Let \(\nu^*\) be a \(k-\)valuation of \(K^*\) with valuation ring \(V^*\) and value group \(\Gamma ^*\), let \(\nu \) be the restriction of \(\nu^*\) to \(K\) with valuation ring \(V\) and value group \(\Gamma \). Consider an extension of algebraic regular local rings \(R\subset S\), with quotient fields \(K\subset K^*\). Let \(\Phi =\nu (R\setminus \{0\}\), be the semigroup of \(\Gamma \), for \(\gamma \in \Phi\), let \(I_\gamma = \{f\in R\mid \nu (f)\geq \gamma \}\). A sequence \(\{Q_i\}\) of elements of \(R\) is a generating sequence of \(\nu \) if for every \(\gamma \) the ideal \(I_\gamma \) is generated by the set \[ \{\prod_i Q_i^{a_i}\mid a_i\in {\mathbb N} , \sum_i a_i \nu (Q_i)\geq \gamma \}. \] The goal of this paper is to find a toroidal structure (that is some kind of monomial relation), for generating sequences of \(\nu ,\nu ^*\), when \(k\) has characteristic \(p>0\). Let us note that the characteristic zero case was already considered by the authors and \textit{H. T. Ha} [J. Algebra 301, No. 2, 838--866 (2006; Zbl 1170.14003)]. The proof uses a carefully study of valuations \(\nu ,\nu ^*\) and the strong monomialization theorem of \textit{S. D. Cutkosky} and \textit{O. Piltant} [Adv. Math. 183, No. 1, 1--79 (2004; Zbl 1105.14015)].
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