Transformations of some Gauss hypergeometric functions

DOI10.1016/J.CAM.2004.09.053MaRDI QIDQ1772362zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Raimundas Vidunas

Publication date 18 April 2005

Published in Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0310436

zbMATH Keywords

algebraic transformationsBelyi functionsCoxeter decompositionhypergeometric equationpull-back transformation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05)

Abstract: This paper presents explicit algebraic transformations of some Gauss hypergeometric functions. Specifically, the transformations considered apply to hypergeometric solutions of hypergeometric differential equations with the local exponent differences $1/K,1/L,1/M$ such that $K,L,M$ are positive integers and $1/K+1/L+1/M<1$. All algebraic transformations of these Gauss hypergeometric functions are considered. We show that apart from classical transformations of degree 2, 3, 4, 6 there are several other transformations of degree 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 18, 24. Besides, we present an algorithm to compute relevant Belyi functions explicitly.

Review text

Hypergeometric identities derived from transformations are a long standing and highly valuable issue in the study of hypergeometric functions. The classical transformations have been first stated by Gauss, Euler, Kummer, Pfaff, just to mention some of them. Thus, the question of deriving all transformations of a certain type is an interesting and valuable problem. An algebraic transformation of the Gauss hypergeometric function is an identity of the form \[ F(\alpha,\eta;\gamma;x) \, = \, \theta(x) F(a,b;c;\varphi(x)), \] where \(\varphi\) is a rational function of \(x\), and \(\theta\) is a product of powers of rational functions. The author studies transformations of what he calls \textit{hyperbolic hypergeometric functions}. These are Gauss hypergeometric functions which are solutions of the hypergeometric equation with the local exponent differences \(1/k\), \(1/l\), \(1/m\), where \(k,l,m\) are positive integers and \(1/k+1/l+1/m<1\). The author uses the correspondence between algebraic transformations and pull-back transformations of the hypergeometric differential equation with respect to the finite covering \(\varphi:{\mathbb P}^1\to{\mathbb P}^1\) determined by the function \(\varphi\). He then explicitly calculates all algebraic transformations of hyperbolic hypergeometric functions by computing suitable coverings \(\varphi:{\mathbb P}^1\to{\mathbb P}^1\) with certain branching patterns. Since rational functions on Riemann surfaces are Belyi functions, he can give an algorithm to compute certain Belyi functions explicitly. The results include well-known hypergeometric transformations of degrees 2,3,4, and 6, as well as new transformations of higher degrees. It is an interesting point that some of the derived transformations correspond to Coxeter decompositions of Schwarz triangles.

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Cited in

(24)

• Computation of Jacobi elliptic functions using a Gauss transformation
• Some examples of \(RS^2_3(3)\)-transformations of ranks 5 and 6 as the higher order transformations for the hypergeometric function
• Classifying (almost)-Belyi maps with five exceptional points
• Darboux evaluations for hypergeometric functions with the projective monodromy \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{F}_7)\)
• Algebraic transformations of hypergeometric functions and automorphic forms on Shimura curves
• Darboux evaluations of algebraic Gauss hypergeometric functions
• Parametric transformations between the Heun and Gauss hypergeometric functions
• Algebraic transformations of hypergeometric function arising from theory of Shimura curves
• Computation of RS-pullback transformations for algebraic Painlevé VI solutions
• Generalizations of Clausen's formula and algebraic transformations of Calabi-Yau differential equations
• Computation of highly ramified coverings
• Algebraic Transformations of Gauss Hypergeometric Functions
• Goursat's hypergeometric transformations, revisited
• Algebraic hypergeometric transformations of modular origin
• Iterated elliptic and hypergeometric integrals for Feynman diagrams
• A classification of coverings yielding Heun-to-hypergeometric reductions
• Special values of the hypergeometric series III
• Belyi functions for hyperbolic hypergeometric-to-Heun transformations
• Hypergeometric functions over finite fields
• A new subclass of certain analytic univalent functions associated with hypergeometric functions
• An investigation on geometric properties of analytic functions with positive and negative coefficients expressed by hypergeometric functions
• Hypergeometric expressions for generating functions of walks with small steps in the quarter plane
• Quadratic transformation inequalities for Gaussian hypergeometric function
• Transformation relations of matrix functions associated to the hypergeometric function of Gauss under modular transformations

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