Tropological systems are points of quantales

DOI10.1016/S0022-4049(01)00156-6MaRDI QIDQ1612161zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 22 August 2002

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4049(01)00156-6

concurrency factor quantales nuclei points of quantales quantales spectrum tropological system

Quantales (06F07) Categories of machines, automata (18B20) Categories in geometry and topology (18F99) Other ``noncommutative mathematics based on (C^*)-algebra theory (46L89) Topological spaces and generalizations (closure spaces, etc.) (54A05) Models and methods for concurrent and distributed computing (process algebras, bisimulation, transition nets, etc.) (68Q85)

Review text

Quantales are partially ordered algebraic structures that appear in many different contexts and have a wealth of applications [see the reviewer's book, Quantales and their applications. Pitman Research Notes, Vol. 234. Harlow: Longman Scientific and Technical (1990; Zbl 0703.06007)]. One of the most studied application is the study of the spectrum of a \(C^*\)-algebra, viewing idempotent quantales as a noncommutative version of frames. Much work has been done on this by Mulvey, Wick-Pelletier, Borceux, Rosicky and others. The article under review uses this particular application as motivation for applying quantales to the theory of concurrency in computer science. This particular use of quantales goes back to the work of \textit{S. Abramsky} and \textit{S. Vickers} [``Quantales, observational logic and process semantics, Math. Struct. Comput. Sci. 3, 161-227 (1993; Zbl 0823.06011)]. The first section of the paper goes through some basic definitions including that of tropological system, which forms the foundation of the paper. At the heart of this definition is a unital quantale \(Q\) together with a left \(Q\)-module \(L\). It generalizes the notion of topological system introduced by \textit{S. Vickers} in his book, Topology via logic [Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press (1989; Zbl 0668.54001); Paperback ed. (1996; Zbl 0922.54002)]. The main idea is to obtain from the pair \((Q,L)\) another quantale, which can be thought of as the spectrum, in analogy with the \(C^*\)-algebra case. A good part of the beginning of the paper develops relevant background on the theory of quantales, including involutive quantales, points, nuclei, quotients and modules. The author does a good job of making the paper readable to anyone not necessarily all that familiar with quantales. The heart of the paper then develops the main results about tropological models, systems and points. There is a useful discussion comparing the author's approach to that of recent work of Mulvey and Pelletier and the article concludes with a look at the role played by factor quantales. These are quantales where the only two-sided elements are the bottom and the top elements.

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