Unfitted finite element methods for axisymmetric two-phase flow

DOI10.1007/S10915-023-02325-ZMaRDI QIDQ6077301zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Harald Garcke, Robert Nürnberg, Quan Zhao

Publication date 25 September 2023

Published in Journal of Scientific Computing (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.03085

zbMATH Keywords

droplet oscillationNavier-Stokes equationsnumerical energy stabilityrising bubblesharp-interface modelsurface tensionvolume preservation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stability and convergence of numerical methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M12) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M60) Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible viscous fluids (76D45) Finite element methods applied to problems in fluid mechanics (76M10) Liquid-liquid two component flows (76T06) Liquid-gas two-phase flows, bubbly flows (76T10)

Abstract: We propose and analyze unfitted finite element approximations for the two-phase incompressible Navier--Stokes flow in an axisymmetric setting. The discretized schemes are based on an Eulerian weak formulation for the Navier--Stokes equation in the 2d-meridian halfplane, together with a parametric formulation for the generating curve of the evolving interface. We use the lowest order Taylor--Hood and piecewise linear elements for discretizing the Navier--Stokes formulation in the bulk and the moving interface, respectively. We discuss a variety of schemes, amongst which is a linear scheme that enjoys an equidistribution property on the discrete interface and good volume conservation. An alternative scheme can be shown to be unconditionally stable and to conserve the volume of the two phases exactly. Numerical results are presented to show the robustness and accuracy of the introduced methods for simulating both rising bubble and oscillating droplet experiments.

Review text

The authors are concerned with a sharp-interface model of a two-phase 3D rotationally symmetric flow governed by Navier-Stokes equation. First they provide two 2D axisymmetric weak formulations in cylindrical coordinates attached to the half meridian plane. Then they propose four numerical scheme for these weak formulations and analyse their properties with respect to energetic stability, volume preservation and equidistribution. The unfitted F E M scheme, used in this paper, is based on the approximation of surface tension forces in the axisymmetric formulation. Using the unfitted F E M the authors carry out successfully two challenging numerical experiments. The first one studies the dynamics of a bubble rising in a bounded cylinder and the second one refers to the oscillation of a levitated droplet in a low density fluid. The paper contains details on the unconditional stability of the proposed scheme and an appendix which is concerned with the transformation of the 3D governing equations into a 2D model in the meridian halfplane.

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(4)

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