Uniform boundedness in terms of ramification

For an elliptic curve \(E\) defined over a field \(F\), let \(E_{\mathrm{tors}}(F)\) be the torsion group of \(F\)-rational points on \(E\). \textit{L. Merel} [Invent. Math. 124, No. 1--3, 437--449 (1996; Zbl 0936.11037)] proved that for a given positive integer \(d\), there exists a uniform upper bound \(B(d)\) dependent only on \(d\) for the order of \(E_{\mathrm{tors}}(F)\) where \(F\) is any algebraic number field of degree \(d\) over \(\mathbb Q\) and \(E\) is any elliptic curve defined over \(F\). Further Merel, Oesterlé and Parent gave some uniform bounds for the order of points of \(E_{\mathrm{tors}}(F)\) which are dependent only on \(d\) and are exponential in \(d\). To describe more precisely, let us define the set \(S^n(d)\) of primes \(p\) for which there exists a number field \(F\) of degree \(\le d\) and an elliptic curve \(E\) defined over \(F\) such that \(E(F)\) contains a point of exact order \(p^n\). For \(d\le 7\), the set \(S^1(d)\) are known. For any \(d\), for example, Parent's result is that \(p^n\le 129(5^d-1)(3d)^6\) for \(p\in S^n(d)\). The author conjectures that there is a uniform bound which is linear in \(d\), that is, \(\varphi(p^n)\le C\cdot d\) if \(p\in S^n(d)\) for any \(d\) (\(C\): a constant), and has showed that this conjecture holds with \(C=24\) under the restriction that \(E/F\) has potential good supersingular reduction at \(p\). In this article, the author shows the conjecture holds for elliptic curves \(E/F\) that arise from elliptic curves \(E\) defined over a fixed number field \(L~(F\supset L)\). Let \(S_L^n(d)\) (resp., \(S_{L,\max-CM}^n(d)\)) be the set of pairs \((p,F)\), where \(p\) is a prime for which there exists a finite extension \(F/L\) of number fields of degree \(\le d\) over \(\mathbb Q\), and an elliptic curves \(E/L\) (resp., an elliptic curve \(E/L\) with CM by a maximal order), such that \(E(F)\) contains a point of exact order \(p^n\). He shows that \(\varphi(p^n)\le 12e_{\max}(p,F/\mathbb Q)\le 12d \) for \((p,F)\in S_{L,\max-CM}^n(d)\) and \([F:\mathbb Q]=d\) ,and that for \(p>2\) and \((p,F)\in S_L^n(d)\),\(\varphi(p^n)\le C_Le_{\max}(p,F/\mathbb Q)\le C_L d\) (\(C_L\): a constant) and \(C_L=588\) except a finite number of elliptic curves. Here \(\varphi(\cdot)\) is the Euler phi function and \(e_{\max}(p,F/\mathbb Q)\) is the maximal ramification index of \(p\) in the extension \(F/\mathbb Q\). In the case that \(L=\mathbb Q\), he shows that \(\varphi(p^n)\le 222e_{\max}(p,F/\mathbb Q)\le 222d\) if \(p>2\). The author deduces these results from explicit lower bounds on the ramification index of a prime ideal above \(p\) in the fields \(L(E[p^n])\) and \(L(R)\) (\(R\) is a point of \(E(F)\) of order \(p^n\)). He shows that there exists a prime ideal \(\Omega\) of \(L(E[p^n])\) over \(p\) such that the ramification index \(e(\Omega_R/\Omega_L)=|I_\Omega/I_R|\) is divided by \(\varphi(p^n)/GCD(\varphi(p^n),c)\) by using the Galois representations on \(E[p^n]\) of the inertia group \(I_\Omega\) of \(\Omega\) and the subgroup \(I_R\) of \(I_\Omega\) generated by all elements which fix \(R\), where \(\Omega_R\) (resp. \(\Omega_L\)) is a prime ideal of \(L(R)\) (resp. \(L\)) lying under \(\Omega\) and \(c\) is an integer smaller than \(C_1e(\Omega_L/p)\) with an explicitly given positive integer \(C_1\) dependent on the type of reduction of \(E\) at \(\Omega_L\). Hence \(\varphi(p^n)\le ce(\Omega_R/\Omega_L)\le C_1e(\Omega_R/p)\le C_1e_{\max}(p,F/\mathbb Q)\).

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