Weights whose biorthogonal polynomials admit a Rodrigues formula

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2005.12.055MaRDI QIDQ852797zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 15 November 2006

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.12.055

Biorthogonal polynomials Hermite weight Jacobi weight Laguerre weight Rodrigues formula Sidi polynomials

Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) General harmonic expansions, frames (42C15)

Review text

Let \(P_n\) be a polynomial of degree \(n\) determined by the biorthogonality conditions \[ \int_0^1 P_n(x)(x^\alpha)^jw(x)\,dx =\begin{cases} 0& \text{ if }\;j<n,\\ \neq0 &\text{ if } j=n,\end{cases} \] where \(\alpha\) is positive real number and \(w:(0,1)\to[0,\infty)\) is infinitely differentiable, a.e. positive function with finite moments \[ \omega_{j,k}=\int_0^1 x^{\alpha j+k}w(x)\,dx,\qquad j,k=0,1,2,\dots. \] The authors prove that \(P_n,\;n\geq0\), admits (up to a constant multiple) the Rodrigues type representation \[ P_n(u^{\frac1\alpha})=\frac{u^{1-\frac1\alpha}}{w(u^{\frac1\alpha})}\Big(\frac d{du}\Big)^n [u^{\frac1\alpha-1}w(u^\frac1\alpha)(u(1-u^{\frac1\alpha}))^n] \] if and only if \(w\) is a Jacobi weight \[ w(x)=x^a(1-x)^b \] for some \(a,b>-1\). The similar results are also proved for Laguerre and Hermite weights.

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